| 核桃凋落叶腐解对植烟土壤环境的影响 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 贾孟,王铎,易建华,袁存裕,白羽祥,朱宣全,杨成翠,史普酉,杨焕文,王戈.核桃凋落叶腐解对植烟土壤环境的影响[J].南方农业学报,2021,52(2):393-403. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 贾孟 王铎 易建华 袁存裕 白羽祥 朱宣全 杨成翠 史普酉 杨焕文 王戈 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 1. 云南农业大学烟草学院, 昆明 650201;2. 云南省烟草公司昆明市公司, 昆明 650051;3. 广西-东盟食品药品安全检验检测中心, 南宁 530001;4. 昆明市烟草公司寻甸分公司, 昆明 655200;5. 昭通学院农学与生命科学学院, 云南昭通 657000;6. 云南农业职业技术学院, 昆明 650031 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（31860357）；云南省烟草公司科技计划项目（云烟科〔2019〕94号） |
| |
| 摘 要： | 【目的】探究核桃自然凋落叶腐解对植烟土壤环境的影响，明确核桃凋落叶对植烟土壤的化感作用，为核桃—烤烟复合种植体系的优化调整提供参考依据。【方法】采用室内盆栽试验，以种植烤烟K326的土壤为研究对象，设置5个核桃凋落叶添加量处理（CK:0 g/盆、T1:30 g/盆、T2:60 g/盆、T3:90 g/盆、T4:120 g/盆），测定不同处理及移栽时期下土壤理化性质、酶活性及根际土壤细菌多样性，研究核桃凋落叶不同添加量及不同腐解时间对土壤环境的影响。【结果】随着核桃凋落叶添加量的增加，整个移栽期的平均土壤硝态氮和铵态氮含量持续升高，且均在T4处理达峰值（21.19和7.64 mg/kg）；而T3处理的速效钾（198.88 mg/kg）和有机质含量（13.73 g/kg）最高；速效磷含量和土壤pH则持续降低；土壤蔗糖酶和酸性磷酸酶活性逐渐增强，而在试验中后期（移栽后90和120 d）土壤脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性表现为先升高后降低的变化趋势，且整体均以T3处理最优（0.352 NH3-N mg/g和8.40 mL/g）；土壤细菌群落占比最大的变形菌门（Proteobacteria），假单胞杆菌属（Pseudomonas）、气单胞菌属（Aeromonas）、沙雷氏菌属（Serratia）和水栖菌属（Enhydrobacter）的相对丰度，Chao1指数和ACE指数均呈先升后降的变化趋势，分别以T2处理（53.51%）、T1处理（0.0220、0.0182、0.0120和0.0038）、T3处理（2300和2300）最高，Shannon指数和Simpson指数则持续升高。随着核桃凋落叶腐解时间的推移，各处理土壤硝态氮、速效磷、速效钾、有机质含量及pH整体均持续下降，土壤铵态氮含量则持续升高；土壤脲酶活性表现为先降低后升高，而酸性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶活性整体呈先升高后降低的变化趋势。【结论】90 g/盆的核桃凋落叶添加量可形成较优的植烟土壤环境；核桃凋落叶腐解会导致土壤主要环境因子产生显著改变，这些变化可能与核桃的强化感效应潜力密切相关。
|
| 关 键 词： | 核桃 凋落叶 烤烟 土壤环境 腐解时间 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-05-27 |
Effects of decomposed walnut leaves on tobacco planting soil environment |
| |
| JIA Meng,WANG Duo,YI Jian-hua,YUAN Cun-yu,BAI Yu-xiang,ZHU Xuan-quan,YANG Cheng-cui,SHI Pu-you,YANG Huan-wen,WANG Ge.Effects of decomposed walnut leaves on tobacco planting soil environment[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2021,52(2):393-403. |
| |
| Authors: | JIA Meng WANG Duo YI Jian-hua YUAN Cun-yu BAI Yu-xiang ZHU Xuan-quan YANG Cheng-cui SHI Pu-you YANG Huan-wen WANG Ge |
| |
| Affiliation: | 1. College of Tobacco Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;2. Kunming Branch, Yunnan Tobacco Company, Kunming 650051, China;3. Guangxi-ASEAN Center for Food and Drug Safety Control, Nanning 530001, China;4. Xundian Branch of Kunming Tobacco Company, Kunming 655200, China;5. College of Agronomy and Life Sciences, Zhaotong University, Zhaotong, Yunnan 657000, China;6. Yunnan Vocational and Technical College of Agriculture, Kunming 650031, China |
| |
| Abstract: | 【Objective】The objective was to explore the influence of walnut leaf litter decomposition on tobacco soil environment, and to clarify the allelopathy of walnut leaf litter on tobacco soil, so as to provide reference for the optimization and adjustment of walnut-flue-cured tobacco composite planting system.【Method】A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of five walnut litter treatments(CK:0 g/pot, T1:30 g/pot, T2:60 g/pot, T3:90 g/pot, T4:120 g/pot) on the soil of flue-cured tobacco K326.The soil physical and chemical properties, enzyme activities and bacterial diversity of rhizosphere soil under different treatments and transplanting periods were measured, and the effects of different amounts of walnut litter and different decomposition time on soil environment were studied.【Result】With the increase of applied amount of walnut litter leaves, the average soil nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen content in all transplanting periods continued to increase, both of them reached the peak value(21.19 and 7.64 mg/kg) in T4 treatment, while the soil available potassium(198.88 mg/kg) and organic matter content(13.73 mg/kg) in T3 treatment were the highest.Available phosphorus content and soil pH continued to decrease, the activities of soil sucrase and acid phosphatase increased gradually, while the activities of soil urease and catalase increased first and then decreased in the middle and late stage of the experiment(90 and 120 d after transplanting), and T3 treatment was the best(0.352 NH3-N mg/g and 8.40 mL/g).The relative abundance of Proteobacteria which accounted for the largest proportion of soil bacterial community, Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, Serratia and Enhydrobacter Chao 1 index and ACE index increased first and then decreased, with T2 treatment(53.51%) and T1 treatment(0.0220, 0.0182, 0.0120 and 0.0038), T3 treatment(2300 and 2300) were the highest, while Shannon index and Simpson index continued to increase.With the decay time of walnut litter, the contents of soil nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, organic matter and soil pH in all treatments continued to decrease, while the content of soil ammonium nitrogen continued to increase;the activities of soil urease decreased first and then increased, while the activities of acid phosphatase, sucrase and catalase increased first and then decreased.【Conclusion】90 g/pot of walnut leaf litter can form a better soil environment for tobacco planting.The decomposition of walnut litter will lead to significant changes in the main environmental factors of the soil, which may be closely related to the allelopathic potential of walnut. |
| |
| Keywords: | |
| 本文献已被 CNKI 等数据库收录！ |
| 点击此处可从《南方农业学报》浏览原始摘要信息 |
|
点击此处可从《南方农业学报》下载全文 |
|
