| 五大连池火山森林群落多样性与稳定性 |
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| 引用本文： | 谢立红,曹宏杰,黄庆阳,杨帆,王继丰,王建波,倪红伟.五大连池火山森林群落多样性与稳定性[J].浙江农林大学学报,2021,38(2):235-245. |
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| 作者姓名： | 谢立红 曹宏杰 黄庆阳 杨帆 王继丰 王建波 倪红伟 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.黑龙江省科学院 自然与生态研究所 湿地与生态保育国家地方联合工程实验室，黑龙江 哈尔滨 1500402.黑龙江省林业科学院，黑龙江 哈尔滨 150040 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目(31770497);黑龙江省院所基本应用技术研究专项(ZNBZ2018ZR05,ZNBZ2019ZR01,ZNBZ2020ZR04);黑龙江省科学院预研项目(YY2019ZR01)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 五大连池完好的内陆单成因火山地貌，原生而完整的植被演替过程，是研究植被演替与生物多样性系统发育等的理想场所。研究五大连池火山森林群落物种多样性与稳定性特征，以及群落物种多样性与稳定性关系，为五大连池火山森林植被的演替、恢复与可持续发展提供科学依据。 方法 以4座老期火山森林群落为对象，对群落结构数量特征、群落内乔木、灌木和草本层物种多样性指数、群落年龄结构及紫椴Tilia amurensis和蒙古栎Quercus mongolica种群的年龄结构进行了研究。 结果 ①各山体森林群落的乔木层和灌木层物种数北坡较南坡丰富。总体来看，重要值≥1的树种仅南坡有1种，群落树种组成简单。②各山体整体上北坡群落物种的Margalef指数和Shannon-Wiener指数从大到小依次为乔木层、草本层、灌木层，Simpson指数和Pielou指数从大到小依次为乔木层、灌木层、草本层；南坡群落物种的各种多样性指数从大到小依次为草本层、乔木层、灌木层。③森林群落的年龄结构南北坡向都是稳定型，紫椴和蒙古栎种群的年龄结构也都是稳定型，为稳定群落。④北坡乔木层和灌木层的物种多样性指数高于南坡，而草本层的多样性指数低于南坡，同时南北坡向间群落物种多样性各指数呈极显著(P＜0.01)或显著(P＜0.05)差异，且变异系数都较大。 结论 五大连池老期火山森林群落结构较简单，北坡群落物种多样性较高，且群落稳定状态更好。图6表4参31
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| 关 键 词： | 森林生态学 五大连池火山 森林群落 物种多样性 年龄结构 群落稳定性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-04-03 |
On the diversity and stability of forest communities in Wudalianchi Volcanoes |
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| XIE Lihong,CAO Hongjie,HUANG Qingyang,YANG Fan,WANG Jifeng,WANG Jianbo,NI Hongwei.On the diversity and stability of forest communities in Wudalianchi Volcanoes[J].Journal of Zhejiang A&F University,2021,38(2):235-245. |
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| Authors: | XIE Lihong CAO Hongjie HUANG Qingyang YANG Fan WANG Jifeng WANG Jianbo NI Hongwei |
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| Affiliation: | 1.National and Provincial Joint Engineering Laboratory of Wetlands and Ecological Conservation, Institute of Natural Resources and Ecology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China2.Heilongjiang Academy of Forestry, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective]Wudalianchi Volcanoes,with its intact inland monogenetic volcanic landform and a complete vegetation succession process,is an ideal place to research matters like vegetation succession and the development of biodiversity system development.With a survey conducted of the species diversity and stability of forest community as well as the relationship between species diversity and stability,this study is an attempt to provide scientific basis for the succession,restoration and sustainable development of forest vegetation in Wudalianchi Volcanoes.Method]Targeting at four old volcanic forest communities,the study has mainly investigated the quantitative characteristics of community structure,the species diversity of the tree,shrub and herb layer,the age structure of community and the age structure of Tilia amurensis and Quercus mongolica populations.Result](1)The number of species in the tree and shrub layer of each mountain forest community was bigger on the north slope than that on the south slope:with only one species with an important value≥1 found on the south slope,the composition species of the whole community showed little complexity.(2)On the north slope,the Margalef index and the Shannon-Wiener index of the tree and herb layer are larger than those of the shrub layer while the Simpson index and the Pielou index of the tree and shrub layer are larger than those of the herb layer yet on the south slope,all species diversity indexes of the herb and tree layer are larger than those of the shrub layer.(3)The age structure of forest community was stable on both north and south slopes,so was the age structure of T.amurensis and Q.mongolica populations,which indicated the stability of the communities.(4)On the north slope,the species diversity of the tree and shrub layer are bigger than that of the south slope,while that of the herb layer is smaller than that of the south slope.Moreover,the species diversity of the communities on the north and south slopes show either extremely significant or significant differences,with a large coefficient of variation.Conclusion]The community structure of the old volcanic forest in the Wudalianchi Volcanoes was simple and the north slope enjoyed a bigger species diversity and higher community stability when compared with the south slope. |
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| Keywords: | forest ecology Wudalianchi Volcanoes forest community species diversity age structure community stability |
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