| 火龙果采后病原菌的鉴定及其防控处理的优化 |
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| 引用本文： | 葛春晖,尤文静,蒋泽橙,成梓瑜,汤月,邵远志.火龙果采后病原菌的鉴定及其防控处理的优化[J].热带生物学报,2021,12(2):228-235. |
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| 作者姓名： | 葛春晖 尤文静 蒋泽橙 成梓瑜 汤月 邵远志 |
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| 作者单位： | 海南大学食品科学与工程学院,海口 570228;海南大学生命科学与药学院,海口 570228 |
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| 基金项目： | 海南省重点研发计划（ZDYF2019093） |
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| 摘 要： | 从海南海口地区自然发病火龙果 ( Hylocereus undatus )果实上分离得到采后病原菌，同时采用抑菌圈法筛选对该病原菌具有抑菌活性的植物提取物，结合实验室已有拮抗菌进行正交实验验证两种抑菌方式的组合效果。根据病原菌形态学特征和分子生物学分析将2株病原菌HL-R1、HL-I1分别鉴定为木贼镰刀菌（Fusarium equiseti）和尖孢镰刀菌（Fusarium oxysporum）。从香蕉皮、石榴皮、柑橘皮、火龙果皮、黄皮皮、生姜和大蒜植物提取物中筛选得到了具有良好抑菌活性的黄皮皮和生姜两种植物混合提取物。结果表明，2种植物提取物对2株病原菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)可达到62.50 g·L?1，抑菌圈直径≥22.35 mm。正交实验结果显示，复合抑菌方式处理对木贼镰刀菌（Fusarium equiseti）的菌丝生长抑制率最高可达到59.19%，对尖孢镰刀菌（Fusarium oxysporum）的菌丝生长抑制率最高可达到53.11%。
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| 关 键 词： | 火龙果 病原菌 植物提取物 拮抗菌 抑菌活性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-01-26 |
Identification of Postharvest Pathogens of Pitaya and Optimization of Their Control |
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| Affiliation: | 1.College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China2.College of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China |
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| Abstract: | Postharvest pathogens were isolated from naturally diseased pitaya fruits in Haikou, Hainan, and the plant extracts with antimicrobial activity against the pathogens were screened by antimicrobial zone method. An orthogonal experiment was designed to test the effect of combination of the two existing antagonistic bacteria in the laboratory and the plant extracts on inhibition of the isolates. The isolates were identified based on their morphology and molecular biology. The isolates strains HL-R1 and HL-I1 were identified as Fusarium equiseti and Fusarium oxysporum, respectively. The two pathogens were treated with combinations of the two antagonistic bacteria and the plant extracts from banana peel, pomegranate peel, citrus peel, dragon peel, wampee peel, ginger and garlic to observe the control effect of the combinations against the pathogens. The combination of the extract of wampee peel or ginger and the antagonistic bacteria had better antimicrobial activities among the combinations. The results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of these two plant extracts, wampee peel and ginger, against the two pathogens were 62.50 g·L?1, with the diameter of pathogen inhibition zone being ≥ 22.35 mm or higher. The orthogonal experiment showed that the mycelial growth inhibition rate of F. equiseti and F. oxysporum treated with these two combinations were 59.19% and 53.11%, respectively. |
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