| 覆盖作物－玉米间作对土壤碳氮含量及相关酶活性的影响 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 巴晓博,隋鑫,鲍雪莲,安辉,解宏图,刘鸣达.覆盖作物－玉米间作对土壤碳氮含量及相关酶活性的影响[J].土壤通报,2022,53(3):577-587. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 巴晓博 隋鑫 鲍雪莲 安辉 解宏图 刘鸣达 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 1.沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院，辽宁 沈阳 110866 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（41977048）；;沈阳市科学技术计划项目（21-116-3-03）资助； |
| |
| 摘 要： | 目的 针对东北地区常规农业重用轻养以及玉米连作导致土壤养分不均衡、土壤健康下降等问题，开展覆盖作物－玉米间作对土壤碳氮含量及相关酶活性的影响研究，以期为东北地区保护性利用模式的扩展提供科学依据。 方法 在覆盖作物－玉米间作种植模式下，探讨紫花苜蓿、毛苕子和黑麦草三种覆盖作物对土壤碳氮及酶活性的影响。 结果 不同种植模式和覆盖作物类型显著影响了覆盖作物－玉米间作系统的土壤氮含量及相关酶活性，土壤有机碳含量仅在不同种植模式间有显著差异。在拔节期，与玉米单作相比，紫花苜蓿－玉米间作可以显著增加土壤速效氮含量，其硝态氮和铵态氮含量分别增加了14.94 mg kg?1和2.07 mg kg?1，并且参与氮转化的亮氨酸氨基肽酶活性提高17.9 nmol g?1 h?1。与其他覆盖作物相比，单作毛苕子可以显著提高土壤乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶和亮氨酸氨基肽酶的活性。毛苕子间作系统的过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶活性显著高于黑麦草间作系统，二者分别提高了12.65%和66.94%。在成熟期，玉米单作和间作的土壤有机碳和全氮含量显著高于覆盖作物单作，土壤碳氮水解酶和氧化酶活性均无显著差异。冗余分析表明，土壤铵态氮含量是影响土壤酶活性的关键环境因子。 结论 玉米与豆科覆盖作物的种植增加了间作玉米土壤速效氮的含量，提高了氮转化相关酶的活性，增强了土壤氮素转化潜能及可利用性。研究区适宜选取紫花苜蓿和毛苕子作为覆盖作物种植。
|
| 关 键 词： | 覆盖作物－玉米间作 豆科覆盖作物 土壤碳氮含量 土壤酶活性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-12-26 |
Impacts of Intercropping with Cover Crops and Maize on Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Contents and Related Enzyme Activities |
| |
| Affiliation: | 1.College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China2.Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China3.Liaoning Agricultural Development Service Center, Shenyang 110032, China4.Key Lab of Conservation Tillage and Ecological Agriculture, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110016, China |
| |
| Abstract: | Objective Since long-term conventional agriculture emphasizes utilization and production rather than protection, and continuous planting of maize has led to the imbalance of soil nutrients and the decline of soil health, the impact of intercropping with cover crops and maize has been carried on soil carbon and nitrogen contents and related enzyme activities, which will provide scientific evidence for the promotion of conservation tillage patterns in Northeast China. Method This study investigated impacts of three cover crops (Medicago sativa L., Vicia villosa R. and Lolium multiflorum L.) on soil nutrients and enzyme activities under the intercropping of cover crops and maize. Result Our results showed that different planting patterns and cover crops affected significantly soil nitrogen content and enzyme activities in the cover crop-maize intercropping systems, only different planting patterns impacted on soil carbon content. At maize jointing stage, intercropping maize and alfalfa treatment increased significantly mineral nitrogen, so nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen content increased 14.94 mg kg?1 and 2.07 mg kg?1, and L-leucine aminopeptidase activities increased 17.9 nmol g?1 h?1. Compared to other crops, hairy vetch increased significantly activities of β-N-acetylglucosaminidase and L-leucine aminopeptidase. In the intercropping hairy vetch system, the activities of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase were significantly increased 12.65% and 66.94% than those in the intercropping ryegrass system. At the maize mature stage, contents of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen in maize monoculture and intercropping were increased significantly compared with those in cover crop monoculture, but no significant effects on enzyme activities. The results of redundancy analysis showed that ammonium nitrogen content was likely important environmental factor of soil enzyme activities among treatments. Conclusion Intercropping maize and legumes increase contents of soil available nitrogen and activities of soil enzyme, also enhance the potential and availability of nitrogen conversion. Therefore, alfalfa and hairy vetch are optimum cover crops in this region. |
| |
| Keywords: | |
|
| 点击此处可从《土壤通报》浏览原始摘要信息 |
|
点击此处可从《土壤通报》下载全文 |
|
