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长期施磷对山原红壤磷库组成及有效性的影响
引用本文:史 静,张誉方,张乃明,张淑香.长期施磷对山原红壤磷库组成及有效性的影响[J].土壤学报,2014,51(2):351-359.
作者姓名:史 静  张誉方  张乃明  张淑香
作者单位:云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南农业大学资源与环境学院,中国农业科学院农业资源与区划研究所
基金项目:云南省基础研究重点项目(2009CC006)与云南省科技计划项目(社会事业发展计划)(2009CA026)
摘    要:通过33年施肥试验研究了不同施磷处理对山原红壤中磷素形态转化及含量的影响。结果表明,长期施用磷肥增加了红壤中全磷和速效磷的含量;施磷处理下土壤表层无机磷、有机磷显著积累。不同施肥处理下土壤无机磷组分均以Fe-P为主,占总量的50%左右;相关分析表明无机磷组分中的Fe-P、Al-P与速效磷分别呈极显著正相关(r=0.908)、显著正相关(r=0.706),表明Fe-P、Al-P为山原红壤的有效磷源。对于土壤有机磷而言,所有施肥处理的土壤中稳性有机磷比例最高,其次为中等活性有机磷,再次为高稳性有机磷,活性有机磷最低,前二者占有机磷总量的90%左右。有机磷组分与速效磷的相关性分析结果表明,中等活性有机磷、中稳性有机磷分别与土壤速效磷呈极显著正相关(r=0.861)、显著正相关(r=0.840)。说明中等活性有机磷和中稳性有机磷是土壤速效磷的主要来源。增施磷肥尤其是氮、磷、钾肥与农家肥配施后,可促进其他形态有机磷向有利于作物吸收的中等活性有机磷、中稳性有机磷转变。

关 键 词:长期施肥    山原红壤    有机磷    无机磷
收稿时间:2/7/2013 12:00:00 AM
修稿时间:2013/12/26 0:00:00

Effects of long-term fertilization on forms and availability of phosphorus in Mountain Red soil
Shi Jing,Zhang Yufang,Zhang Naiming and Zhang Shuxiang.Effects of long-term fertilization on forms and availability of phosphorus in Mountain Red soil[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2014,51(2):351-359.
Authors:Shi Jing  Zhang Yufang  Zhang Naiming and Zhang Shuxiang
Affiliation:Yunnan Agricultural University,Yunnan Agricultural University,Yunnan Agricultural University,Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, CAAS
Abstract:An experiment was carried out to study the change of the content and the forms of phorous in a mountain Red soil under 33 years fertization. The result showed that both Total P and available P content increased with P fertilizing. The inorganic phosphorus accumulated in soil under the conditions of P fertilizer applying, but organic phosphorus is not accumulated. Four forms of organic phosphor, active organic phosphor, medium active organic phosphor, medium stable organic phosphor and high stable organic phosphor in mountain Redsoil under long-term different fertilization for thirty-three years were determined. The results indicated that contents of soil organic phosphor components decreased appulsively in soils with no phosphor fertilizer application and increased in soils with phosphor fertilizer application. Sequence of contents of four soil organic phosphor in soils decreased in order as medium stable organic phosphor>medium active organic phosphor> high stable organic phosphor> active organic phosphor. Medium stable organic phosphor and medium active organic phosphor were the dominant component of the organic phosphor components in mountain Red soil under different phosphor fertilization, which proportion were 90% approximately. A significant correlation between medium active organic phosphor and available phosphor, medium stable organic phosphor and available phosphor were observed with correlation coefficient 0.741**, 0.705*respectively,which showed that the availability of medium active organic phosphor and medium stable organic phosphor were principal forms of plant available phosphor. Fe-P was the dominant component of the inorganic phosphor components in mountain Red soil under different phosphor fertilization, which proportion was 50% approximately. A significant correlation between Fe-P and available phosphor, Ca-P and available phosphor were observed with correlation coefficient 0.824**, 0.499*respectively, which showed that the availability of Fe-P and Ca-P were principal forms of plant available phosphor. The resulted showed Fe-P increased with phosphate fertilizer but Ca-P reduced , so it affected the contents of soil available phosphorus.
Keywords:Long-term  Mountain Redsoil    Organic phosphorous  Inorganic phosphorous
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