| 噬菌体靶向消减土壤生物污染的制约因素及提升策略 |
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| 引用本文： | 王孝芳,江高飞,王 硕,杨可铭,徐阳春,沈其荣,韦 中.噬菌体靶向消减土壤生物污染的制约因素及提升策略[J].土壤学报,2023,60(5):1378-1388. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王孝芳 江高飞 王 硕 杨可铭 徐阳春 沈其荣 韦 中 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院/江苏省固体有机废弃物资源化高新技术研究重点实验室/江苏省有机固体废弃物资源化协同创新中心/资源节约型肥料教育部工程研究中心/国家有机类肥料工程技术研究中心,南京农业大学,南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院/江苏省固体有机废弃物资源化高新技术研究重点实验室/江苏省有机固体废弃物资源化协同创新中心/资源节约型肥料教育部工程研究中心/国家有机类肥料工程技术研究中心,南京农业大学,南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院/江苏省固体有机废弃物资源化高新技术研究重点实验室/江苏省有机固体废弃物资源化协同创新中心/资源节约型肥料教育部工程研究中心/国家有机类肥料工程技术研究中心,南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院/江苏省固体有机废弃物资源化高新技术研究重点实验室/江苏省有机固体废弃物资源化协同创新中心/资源节约型肥料教育部工程研究中心/国家有机类肥料工程技术研究中心,南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院/江苏省固体有机废弃物资源化高新技术研究重点实验室/江苏省有机固体废弃物资源化协同创新中心/资源节约型肥料教育部工程研究中心/国家有机类肥料工程技术研究中心 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（42090064, 42007025, 42277113）、江苏省自然科学基金项目（BK20200533） |
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| 摘 要： | 土壤中存在能够威胁植物、动物和人体健康的病原细菌，消减这类土壤生物污染是一体化健康（One Health）的重要任务。因具有宿主细菌专一性强、侵染效率高、环境扰动性小等特性，噬菌体成为生态消减土壤病原细菌生物污染的重要手段。然而，由于土壤生物和非生物环境的复杂性，提升噬菌体消减土壤生物污染的效果和稳定性仍是当前的重大挑战。本文从噬菌体在土壤中的生存以及与病原细菌互作等过程着手，分析总结影响噬菌体阻控土壤生物污染效果和稳定性的主要因素：1）噬菌体的宿主细菌谱和种群数量，2）土壤病原细菌的多态性，3）影响噬菌体与土壤病原细菌互作的环境因素。通过构建高效噬菌体鸡尾酒、改善噬菌体产品形式和优化噬菌体施用技术等措施，建立提升阻控土壤生物污染效果和稳定性的策略，为完善土壤生物污染噬菌体疗法提供科学支撑。
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| 关 键 词： | 噬菌体 土壤病原菌 土壤生物污染 靶向消减 |
| 收稿时间： | 2023/7/11 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2023/7/31 0:00:00 |
Constraining Factors and Enhancement Strategies of Phage Therapy in Controlling Soil Biological Pollution |
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| WANG Xiaofang,JIANG Gaofei,WANG Shuo,YANG Keming,XU Yangchun,SHEN Qirong and WEI Zhong.Constraining Factors and Enhancement Strategies of Phage Therapy in Controlling Soil Biological Pollution[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2023,60(5):1378-1388. |
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| Authors: | WANG Xiaofang JIANG Gaofei WANG Shuo YANG Keming XU Yangchun SHEN Qirong and WEI Zhong |
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| Affiliation: | Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing Agricultural University |
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| Abstract: | Soil serves as a natural habitat for microorganisms, hosting both beneficial and pathogenic species that can either promote plant growth or pose risks to human and animal health. Pathogenic bacteria, such as Ralstonia solanacearum and Erwinia amylovora, which are soil-borne plant pathogens, can infect economically important crops, resulting in significant agricultural losses. Likewise, common human pathogens like Escherichia coli and Salmonella can persist in soil over extended periods, presenting severe health risks through direct or indirect contact. The presence of pathogenic bacteria in soil contributes to soil biological contamination, leading to reduced crop yields, environmental degradation, and safety hazards, which have garnered considerable attention. Controlling the number of these pathogenic bacteria within a safe range is a requirement of One Heath. Numerous studies have demonstrated the crucial role of beneficial microorganisms in the soil in controlling the invasion of pathogenic bacteria. Among them, bacteriophages, which are viruses that selectively infect bacteria, are widely distributed in the environment. Compared to bacteria and fungi, bacteriophages possess advantages such as specific targeting capabilities, rapid lysis, and minimal disruption to the environment, making them an increasingly prominent focus of research. However, similar to other control strategies, enhancing the stability of bacteriophage application in soil remains a significant challenge. This article starts by examining the survival of bacteriophages in soil and their interactions with pathogenic bacteria, and analyzes the potential factors that affect the efficacy of bacteriophage control, including: 1) the spectrum and population of host bacteria for bacteriophages, 2) the polymorphism of pathogenic bacteria, and 3) environmental factors such as soil temperature, pH, structure, nutrients, and multiple contaminants that affect bacteriophage-pathogen interactions. Strategies are proposed to enhance the stability of controlling soil pathogens by constructing effective bacteriophage cocktails, improving the form of bacteriophage products, and optimizing bacteriophage application techniques. These strategies provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the establishment of a comprehensive bacteriophage therapy for soil-borne pathogenic bacteria. |
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| Keywords: | Bacteriophages Soil pathogenic bacteria Soil biological pollution Targeted reduction |
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