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| 施肥对夏玉米季紫色土N2O排放及反硝化作用的影响 | |
| 引用本文： | 曾泽彬,朱波,朱雪梅,刘学锋,王彦.施肥对夏玉米季紫色土N2O排放及反硝化作用的影响[J].土壤学报,2013,50(1):130-137. |
| 作者姓名： | 曾泽彬 朱波 朱雪梅 刘学锋 王彦 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所,成都610041;宜宾市农业科学院,四川宜宾644000 2. 中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所,成都,610041 3. 四川农业大学资源环境学院,成都,611130 4. 宜宾市农业科学院,四川宜宾,644000 |
| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划课题（2012CB417101）和国家自然科学基金项目（41271321）联合资助 |
| 摘 要： | 采用原状土柱-乙炔抑制培养法研究了施肥对紫色土玉米生长季土壤N2O排放通量和反硝化作用的影响.结果表明:玉米季施肥显著增加土壤N2O排放和反硝化损失,同时,各施肥处理间N2O排放与反硝化损失量差异显著.猪厩肥、猪厩肥配施氮磷钾肥、氮肥、氮磷钾肥和秸秆配施氮磷钾肥等处理的土壤N,O排放量分别为3.01、2.86、2.51、2.19和1.88 kg hm-2,分别占当季氮肥施用量的1.63％、1.53％、1.30％、1.09％和0.88％,反硝化损失量分别为6.74、6.11、5.23、4.69和4.12 kg hm-2,分别占当季氮肥施用量的3.97％、3.55％、2.97％、2.61％和2.23％,不施肥土壤的N2O排放量和反硝化损失量仅为0.56和0.78 kg hm-2.施肥是紫色土玉米生长前期(2周内)土壤N2O排放和反硝化速率出现高峰的主要驱动因子,土壤铵态氮和硝态氮含量是影响土壤N2O排放、土壤硝化和反硝化作用的限制因子,土壤含水量是重要影响因子,降雨是主要促发因素.土壤N2O排放量与反硝化损失量的比值介于0.45 ～0.72之间,土壤反硝化损失量极显著高于土壤N2O排放量,说明土壤反硝化作用是紫色土玉米生长季氮肥损失的重要途径. |
| 关 键 词： | 施肥 N2O排放通量 反硝化损失 玉米 紫色土 |
| 收稿时间： | 3/1/2012 12:00:00 AM |
| 修稿时间： | 2012/10/10 0:00:00 |
Effects of fertilization on N2O emission and denitrification in purple soil during summer maize season in the Sichuan Basin |
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| Zeng Zebin,Zhu Bo,Zhu Xuemei,Liu Xuefeng and Wang Yan.Effects of fertilization on N2O emission and denitrification in purple soil during summer maize season in the Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2013,50(1):130-137. | |
| Authors: | Zeng Zebin Zhu Bo Zhu Xuemei Liu Xuefeng and Wang Yan |
| Affiliation: | Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, CAS,Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,Chinese Academy of Science,Chengdu,College of Resources and Environment, Sichuan Agriculture University,Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Yibin City,Yibin and Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, CAS |
| Abstract: | The culture method of undisturbed soil cores - acetylene inhibitor was used in order to study effects of fertilization on N2O emission fluxes and denitrification rates during summer corn growing season in purple soil in the hilly area of the central Sichuan Basin. Results show that during the season, N loss through N2O emission and denitrification was significantly higher in purple soil with fertilization than without fertilization. Significant differences were observed between different fertilization treatments. The N2O emission flux in Treatment OM (pig manure), OMNPK (pig manure with NPK fertilizer), N (pure N fertilizer), NPK (fertilizer NPK), and RSDNPK (crop residues returned with NPK fertilizer) was 3.01, 2.86, 2.51, 2.19 and 1.88 kg hm-2, respectively, accounting for 1.63%, 1.53%, 1.30%, 1.09% and 0.88%, respectively, of the total fertilizer nitrogen applied to the crop. The N loss through denitrification in those treatments were 6.74, 6.11, 5.23, 4.69 and 4.12 kg hm-2, respectively, accounting for 3.97%, 3.55%, 2.97%, 2.61% and 2.23%, respectively of the fertilizer N applied during the season. The N loss through N2O emission and denitrification in Treatment CK (no fertilization) was 0.56 and 0.78 kg hm-2, respectively, only. Fertilization was obviously the main driving force of peak emergence of soil N2O emission and denitrification in the early growth stage of corn (2 weeks) in purple soil. Inorganic N (ammonium and nitrate) content was the limiting factor of soil N2O emission, nitrification and denitrification. Soil moisture driven by rainfall was an important influencing factor. The ratio of N losses through N2O emission and denitrification ranged from 0.45 to 0.72. Soil N loss was significantly higher through denitrification than through N2O emissions, which implies that the soil denitrification was the main pathway of fertilizer N loss during the maize growing season in the hilly area of purple soils. |
| Keywords: | N2O emission Denitrification loss Fertilization regimes Corn Purple soil |
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