| 黔中地区气象水文干旱演变特征及其响应关系 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨铭珂,贺中华,任荣仪.黔中地区气象水文干旱演变特征及其响应关系[J].水土保持研究,2022,29(1):264-274+280. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨铭珂 贺中华 任荣仪 |
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| 作者单位： | (贵州师范大学 地理与环境科学学院, 贵阳 550025) |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目“喀斯特筑坝河流水安全与调控对策”(u1612441),“中国南方喀斯特流域结构的水文干旱驱动机制研究”(41471032)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 黔中因其地形地貌特殊,干旱情势复杂,研究其干旱特征以及传播过程,能有效预防干旱延续,为该区域干旱监测和预警提供科学依据。基于黔中地区1970—2016年的降水以及径流数据,计算标准化降水指数(SPI)与标准化径流指数(SSI),采用相关分析方法,分析该地区气象水文干旱的演变特征以及两者之间的响应关系。结果表明:(1)不同时间尺度的SPI与SSI具有不同的时间振荡频率。在较短的时间尺度上干湿交替频繁,而较长的时间尺度可以检测连续的干旱与潮湿时期。(2)近47年来,黔中地区干旱化态势增强,干旱发生的频率上升,重度干旱以及极端干旱频率增加明显。(3)该地区气象与水文干旱在不同年代际呈现不同的空间分布特征,气象干旱主要发生在黔中南部、中部和西部等地区。20世纪水文干旱化态势最明显的地区主要在黔中中部,而21世纪最明显的干旱化地区则在黔中西北部。(4)SSI—SPI相关性显著,不同时间相关系数的变化趋势不一致,并且它们的响应关系呈季节变化,其相关系数为夏季>秋季>冬季>春季,这与黔中地区降水的时空分布不均以及地貌特征有关。综上,黔中地区气象水文干旱日趋严重,极端干旱频发,气象干旱加剧了水文干旱旱情,两者关系密切。
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| 关 键 词： | 水文干旱 气象干旱 干旱响应关系 黔中地区 |
Evolution Characteristics of Meteorological and Hydrological Drought and Their Response Relations in Central Guizhou |
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| YANG Mingke,HE Zhonghua,REN Rongyi.Evolution Characteristics of Meteorological and Hydrological Drought and Their Response Relations in Central Guizhou[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,29(1):264-274+280. |
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| Authors: | YANG Mingke HE Zhonghua REN Rongyi |
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| Affiliation: | (College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China) |
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| Abstract: | Because of its special landform and complex drought situation in central Guizhou,studying characteristics and transmission process of its drought can effectively prevent the continuation of drought,at the same time,it provides a scientific basis for drought monitoring and early warning in this region.Based on the precipitation and runoff data from 1970 to 2016 in central Guizhou,the Standardized Precipitation Index(SPI)and Standardized Streamflow Index(SSI)were calculated,and correlation analysis was used,the evolution characteristics of meteorological and hydrological drought in this region and the response relationship between the two were analyzed.The results show that:(1)SPI and SSI at different time scales had different time oscillation frequencies;dry and wet alternated frequently on a shorter time scale,while a longer time scale could monitor continuous drought and humid periods;(2)in the past 47 years,the aridification situation and the frequency of droughts in central Guizhou had increased;the frequency of severe and extreme drought had increased significantly;(3)meteorological and hydrological droughts in this area showed different spatial distribution characteristics in different decadal periods;meteorological droughts mainly occurred in the southern,central and western parts of central Guizhou;the most obvious hydrological aridification in the 20th century was mainly in central Guizhou,while the most obvious aridification in the 21st century was in the northwestern part of central Guizhou;(4)the SSI-SPI correlation was significant,the change trend of the correlation coefficient was inconsistent at different times,and their response relationship showed the seasonal change,and the correlation coefficient followed the order:summer>autumn>winter>spring,which was related to the uneven temporal and spatial distribution of precipitation and the geomorphological characteristics in central Guizhou.In conclusion,meteorological and hydrological drought in central Guizhou is becoming more and more serious,extreme drought occurs frequently,meteorological drought intensifies hydrological drought,and the two are closely related. |
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| Keywords: | hydrological drought meteorological drought drought response relationship central Guizhou |
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