首页 | 官方网站   微博 | 高级检索  
     

氮、磷、钾用量与种植密度对油菜产量和品质的影响
引用本文:曾宇,雷雅丽,李京,胡立勇.氮、磷、钾用量与种植密度对油菜产量和品质的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2012,18(1):146-153.
作者姓名:曾宇  雷雅丽  李京  胡立勇
作者单位:1.华中农业大学植物科技学院,农业部华中作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室,武汉
基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目2009BADA8B01;国家油菜现代产业体系项目(nycytx-005);湖北省农业科技创新岗位项目
摘    要:以华油杂9号为试验材料,固定氮(N):磷(P2O5):钾(K2O)比例为1:0.55:0.8,设置施纯氮量135、225、315 kg /hm2,以及种植密度15、45、75万株/hm2不同处理,研究施肥量与密度对油菜产量及品质的影响。结果表明,籽粒产量随施肥量、密度的增大而增加,增加施肥量的增产幅度大于增加密度;施肥水平较低时,提高密度的增产作用更为显著。改变施肥量与密度对经济性状、产量构成因素均可产生显著影响,但改变密度对单株有效分枝数及角果数的影响更大。不同肥力下密度每增加30万株/hm2,单株有效分枝数降低1.7~3.8个。主茎籽粒含油量高于分枝,蛋白质及硫苷含量低于分枝。随施肥量增加含油量下降,硫苷、蛋白质含量上升。随密度增加含油量上升,蛋白质含量下降,主茎与分枝的硫苷含量上升,但整株硫苷含量下降。因此,若以减少施肥、节本增效为前提,选择每公顷施纯氮135~225 kg、P2O575~124 kg、K2O 108~180kg,并且在45~75万株/hm2范围内适当提高密度,有利于获得3000kg/hm2以上的籽粒产量。

关 键 词:油菜    施肥量    种植密度    产量    品质
收稿时间:2011-06-07

Effects of application amounts of nitrogen,phosphate and potassium and planting density on yield and quality of rapeseed
ZENG Yu,LEI Ya-li,LI Jing,HU Li-yong.Effects of application amounts of nitrogen,phosphate and potassium and planting density on yield and quality of rapeseed[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,2012,18(1):146-153.
Authors:ZENG Yu  LEI Ya-li  LI Jing  HU Li-yong
Affiliation:1.College of Plant Science & Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University/MOA Key Laborary of Huazhong Crop Physiology,Ecology and Production,Wuhan 430070
Abstract:The effects of application amounts of nitrogen,phosphate and potassium and planting density on yield and quality of rape cultivar,Huayouza 9,under the fixed N∶ P2O5 ∶ K2O ratio(1 ∶ 0.55 ∶ 0.80) conditions of different nitrogen levels(135,225 and 315 kg/ha) and planting densities(15×104,45×104 and 75×104 plant/ha).The results show that yields of rapeseed are increased with the increases of fertilizer and density,and the influences of fertilizer levels on the increased yield rates are more effective than those of the densities.The increases of densities under the low fertilizer level have significant effect on the increased yields.There are great differences on main economic characters and yield when the fertilizer level and density are changed.However,the density has more influence on the number of the effective branches and pods.When the increased density by 30×104 plant/ha,the number of effective branches is reduced 1.7-3.8 per plant.The oil content of rapeseed of main stem is higher than that of branches,while the contents of protein and glucosinolate are lower in the main stems.There would be a fall in the content of oil and an increase of protein and glucosinolate in rapeseed when the amount of fertilizer is raised,while when the density is increased,there would be an increase in oil content and falls in the contents of protein and glucosinolate of main stem and branches,and a fall in the glucosinolate content of the whole plant.Considering reducing fertilizer application,saving cost and increase efficiency,the optimum levels of N,P2O5 and K2O application for Huayouza 9 are 135-225 kg/ha,75-124 kg/ha and 108-180 kg/ha respectively,and density is increased appropriately in the range of 45×104-75×104 plant/ha in order to obtain seed yield more than 3000 kg/ha.
Keywords:rapeseed  fertilizer  planting density  yield  quality
本文献已被 CNKI 万方数据 等数据库收录!
点击此处可从《植物营养与肥料学报》浏览原始摘要信息
点击此处可从《植物营养与肥料学报》下载全文
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司    京ICP备09084417号-23

京公网安备 11010802026262号