| 根际促生菌Bacillus subtilisY-IVI在香草兰上的应用效果研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵青云,赵秋芳,王辉,王华,庄辉发,朱自慧.根际促生菌Bacillus subtilisY-IVI在香草兰上的应用效果研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2015,21(2):535-540. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵青云 赵秋芳 王辉 王华 庄辉发 朱自慧 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国热带农业科学院香料饮料研究所,海南万宁 571533; |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学青年基金项目(31201683);海南省自然科学基金项目(312032)资助。 |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】香草兰为多年生热带经济作物,随着种植年限的增加,植株长势弱,土壤有益微生物减少,土壤微生物区系失衡,严重制约了香草兰产业的可持续发展。枯草芽孢杆菌作为一种根际促生菌,被广泛应用于促进作物生长,改善土壤微生物环境。本文将枯草芽孢杆菌Y-IVI接种在有机肥上,生产了生物有机肥,并就该生物有机肥对香草兰生长的影响进行了研究。【方法】采用温室盆栽试验,调查施用根际促生菌枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)Y-IVI及其经固体发酵制得的微生物有机肥料(Y-IVI:3×108cfu/g)后,香草兰植株地上部及根系的生长状况,采用选择性培养基方法研究了Y-IVI在香草兰根际土壤中的定殖能力及对香草兰根茎腐病致病菌-尖孢镰刀菌数量的影响。【结果】施用Y-IVI及BIO 4个月后,香草兰根际土壤Y-IVI数量仍可达到106cfu/g土,二者无显著差异,在处理OF和对照中未检测到菌株Y-IVI。施用生物有机肥香草兰地上部干重和根系干重均显著高于对照,分别增加了63.1%和59.4%,与不接种Y-IVI的有机肥处理(OF)相比,地上部干重显著提高了43.2%,根系干重提高了18%,差异不显著;施用Y-IVI菌液的处理植株地上部干重和根系干重均高于对照,但无显著性差异;处理BIO根系直径、根系表面积和总体积与对照相比分别增加了41.9%、88.9%和80.4%,均显著高于对照,总根长与对照差异不显著;处理BIO根系表面积和总体积与有机肥处理OF相比分别显著增加了41.9%和30.8%,根系直径与OF相比增加了10.1%,差异不显著;处理Y-IVI根系直径与对照相比显著增加了25.5%,但根系表面积和总体积与对照差异不显著;与对照相比,施用BIO及Y-IVI的处理根际土壤尖孢镰刀菌数量分别明显降低了52.2%和41.8%,施用有机肥OF的处理降低了10%,差异不显著。【结论】Y-IVI可稳定定殖于香草兰根际土壤对其生长起有益作用,含促生菌Y-IVI的生物有机肥料比单独使用促生菌菌液可以更有效地减少根际土壤中尖孢镰刀菌数量,降低连作生物障碍。施用生物有机肥料比施用化肥和有机肥更有效地促进香草兰地上部及根系生长,因此,施用由根际促生菌枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)Y-IVI制得的生物有机肥是解决香草兰连作生物障碍和提高收益的有效手段。
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| 关 键 词： | 香草兰 根际促生菌 生物有机肥 尖孢镰刀菌 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014-02-09 |
Beneficial effects of plant growth promoter rhizobacteria on vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Ames.) growth |
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| ZHAO Qing-yun,ZHAO Qiu-fang,WANG Hui,WANG Hua,ZHUANG Hui-fa,ZHU Zi-hui.Beneficial effects of plant growth promoter rhizobacteria on vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Ames.) growth[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,2015,21(2):535-540. |
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| Authors: | ZHAO Qing-yun ZHAO Qiu-fang WANG Hui WANG Hua ZHUANG Hui-fa ZHU Zi-hui |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Institute of Spice and Beverage,CATAS,Wanning,Hainan 571533,China; |
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| Abstract: | 【Objectives】 Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Ames.) is one of tropical perennial crop. The elongation of growth period often leads to weak plant, reduced population of soil beneficial microbes, increased harmful microbes and unbalance of the soil microbial community structure. We hope this can provide theoretical basis for solving the problems of weak vanilla plant growth and continuous cropping biological obstacles. The main objectives of this study were to study the effect of one of recognized root growth promoter, rhizobacteria Bacillus subtilis Y-IVI on ameliorate soil microbial community structure and the proper way of its application. 【Methods】 A solid fermented bioorganic fertilizer (BIO) was prepared by inoculating Bacillus subtilis Y-IVI into cattle manure and fermented 5 days inside greenhouse, the final active Y-IVI content is 3 × 108 cfu/g. A pot experiment in green house was carried out with chemical fertilizer as control, the effects of application of Y-IVI inocula, biofertilizer and cattle manure on the plant growth of both aboveground part and root were investigated Selective mediums method was used to study the colonization ability of Y-IVI in vanilla rhizosphere soil and their influence on the pathogen number of rhizome rot disease (Fusarium oxysporum). 【Results】 The application of BIO could obviously increase vanilla plant above ground and root dry weight by 63.1% and 59.4% compared with control, and significantly increased the plant above ground dry weight by 43.2% compared with cattle manure. The single application of Y-IVI binocular does not have the significant effect on plant above ground and root dry weight. The application of BIO significantly increases the average root diameter, root surface area and total root volume by 41.9%, 88.9% and 80.4%, compared with control, but not the total root length; root surface area and total root volume of BIO treatment were obviously increased by 41.9% and 30.8% compared with manure, respectively, while average root diameter merely increased by 10.1%; average root diameter of Y-IVI treatment was significantly increased by 25.5% compared with control, but root surface area and total root volume had no significant difference. Application of BIO and Y-IVI significantly decreased population of Fusarium oxysporum in rhizosphere soil by 52.2% and 41.8%, compared with control, respectively, and organic fertilizer treatment merely decreased by 10%; population of Y-IVI remained about 106 cfu/g rhizosphere soil after application of BIO and Y-IVI 4 mouths. No Y-IVI was detected in organic fertilizer treatment and control. 【Conclusions】 Inoculation of Y-IVI solid fermented bio-organic fertilizer BIO could promote vanilla plant above ground and root growth, significantly decrease F. oxysporum number in rhizosphere soil; Y-IVI can successfully colonize in rhizosphere soil to have sound effects on vanilla growth. The BIO can apply to vanilla culture to reduce chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer application, the number of F. oxysporum, and decrease continuous cropping obstacles. |
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| Keywords: | vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Ames ) plant growth promotion rhizobacteria bio-organic fertilizer Fusarium oxysporum |
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