| 成都平原土壤氮素的空间分布特征及 其影响因素研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈肖,张世熔,黄丽琴,代英,吴若玉.成都平原土壤氮素的空间分布特征及 其影响因素研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2007,13(1):1-7. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈肖 张世熔 黄丽琴 代英 吴若玉 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.四川农业大学资源环境学院, 四川省土地信息重点实验室, 四川雅安 625014 |
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| 基金项目： | 四川省教育厅资助项目;四川省青年科技基金 |
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| 摘 要： | 根据 2002 年 117 个随机格网和分层抽样样点的耕层(0 —20 cm)土壤氮素含量数据, 在ArcGIS9.0 平台上运用 地统计学、缓冲区分析和叠置分析等方法, 研究了成都平原区土壤氮素的空间分布特征及其影响因素。 结果表明, 该区土壤全氮含量达 1.29±0.50 g/ kg , 碱解氮含量达 72.2 ±40.9 mg/kg。 土壤全氮含量高值区(>2.00 g/kg)位于 崇州中部, 并以此为中心向两侧呈带状减少, 在郫县—温江一带和龙泉驿的西南部形成两个低值区(<0.85 g/kg); 土壤碱解氮含量以崇州为中心向东和向西均呈先增后减的趋势, 向南和向北都逐渐增加, 其高值区(>110 mg/ kg) 主要位于彭州 、新津和新都的部分地区, 低值区(>30 mg/ kg)位于崇州东南部和平原西南部边缘的大邑—邛崃一 带。 影响因素分析表明, 在成都平原主要的 4 种第四系成土母质中, 灰棕色冲积物上发育的土壤全氮含量极显著 高于成都粘土和老冲积物, 但与灰色冲积物差异不明显;菜地和水田的全氮含量显著高于花卉地和旱地。 由近年 来施氮量的统计可知, 土壤全氮和碱解氮含量高值区的施用量明显高于低值区;缓冲区分析表明, 在距成都市主城 区 3.0 km 以内的城乡交错带, 土壤全氮和碱解氮含量均随距离的增加呈极显著的增加。
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| 关 键 词： | 氮素 空间分布 地统计学 缓冲区分析 |
| 文章编号： | 1008-505X（2007）01-0001-07 |
| 收稿时间： | 2005-11-02 |
| 修稿时间： | 2005年11月2日 |
Spatial distribution characteristic and its influential factors of soil nitrogen in Chengdu Plain |
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| CHEN Xiao,ZHANG Shi-rong,HUANG Li-qin,DAI Ying,WU Ruo-yu.Spatial distribution characteristic and its influential factors of soil nitrogen in Chengdu Plain[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,2007,13(1):1-7. |
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| Authors: | CHEN Xiao ZHANG Shi-rong HUANG Li-qin DAI Ying WU Ruo-yu |
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| Affiliation: | 1.College of Resource and Environment of Sichuan Agricultural University , Key Laboratory of Land Information in Sichuan Province , Yaan , Sichuan 625014 , China |
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| Abstract: | Nitrogen is a vital nutrient to enhance plant growth.Nevertheless,when nitrogen fertilizer application exceeds the plant demand,nitrogen can leach to ground water and contaminate environment.Chengdu Plain,as one of the agricultural bases in China,is confronted with a series of environmental issues which are caused by extensive or irrational use of nitrogen fertilizer.According to the data of soil nitrogen content collected from 117 random grid and hierarchical sampling points in topsoil in 2002,the spatial distribution characteristics and their influential factors of soil nitrogen in Chengdu Plain were analyzed using the software ArcGIS 9.0 with geostatistics,buffer analysis and overlay analysis.The results indicated that the content of soil total nitrogen(TN) and available nitrogen(AN) were 1.29±0.50 g/kg and 72.2±40.9 mg/kg,respectively.The regions with high TN content(>2.00 g/kg) were mainly distributed in the middle part of Chongzhou,and declined gradually towards to the periphery,presenting a zonal shape.The regions with low TN(<0.85 g/kg) were located in Pixian—Wenjiang and the southwest of Longquanyi.Taking Chongzhou as the center,the AN content first increased and then decreased towards east and west,and gradually increased towards south and north.Further more,the regions with high TN(>110 mg/kg) were mainly distributed in some parts of Pengzhou,Xinjin and Xindu,while the two lowest value regions(<30 mg/kg) were distributed in the southeast of Chongzhou and some part of Dayi—Qionglai which was near the southwest edge zone of the plain.The analysis of influential factors showed that,regarding four main parent materials of Quaternary System in Chengdu Plain,TN content of grey-brown alluvium was highly significantly higher than that of Chengdu clay and old alluvium,whereas there was no significant difference observed between the grey-brown alluvium and grey alluvium;TN content of the vegetable and paddy field were both significantly higher than that of flower land and dryland;Based on statistical data of the nitrogen fertilizer application lately,the N application rate at the regions with high TN and AN contents were obviously higher than that region with low TN and AN.Buffer analysis showed that: at the ruralurban fringe of 3.0 km outside the Chengdu downtown,both TN and AN contents were highly significantly increased with the distance. |
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| Keywords: | nitrogen spatial distribution geostatistics buffer analysis |
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