| 内蒙古中西部玉米临界氮浓度稀释模型的构建与验证 |
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| 引用本文： | 张炜健,高宇,唐彧哲,张贺景,杨海波,闫东,李斐.内蒙古中西部玉米临界氮浓度稀释模型的构建与验证[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2022,28(11):2020-2029. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张炜健 高宇 唐彧哲 张贺景 杨海波 闫东 李斐 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院 / 内蒙古自治区土壤质量与养分资源重点实验室，内蒙古呼和浩特 010018 |
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| 基金项目： | 内蒙古“科技兴蒙”重点专项(KJXM-EEDS-2020010-02)；内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2021GG0201)；中央农业重大技术协同推广计划试点项目。 |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】 建立内蒙古中西部地区玉米临界氮浓度稀释曲线模型，利用相应的氮营养指数对玉米进行氮素营养诊断，并验证曲线的可靠性，以期为实现内蒙古中西部玉米合理施用氮肥提供理论依据。 【方法】 于2019—2021年，分别在内蒙古中部的达拉特旗和西部的五原县、乌拉特前旗 3个典型区域，以新玉12、晋单42、先玉1225、泽玉19、宏育203和晋单542以及东农258为试验材料，进行建模田间试验。6个氮肥处理包括传统氮肥(N 400 kg/hm2)、不施氮 (对照)、推荐优化施氮(N) 180 kg/hm2 (OPT)以及70% OPT、130% OPT、170% OPT，分别在玉米拔节期 (V6)、八叶期（V8）、十叶期（V10）、大喇叭口期 (V12)、吐丝期 (R1)、乳熟期 (R3) 和蜡熟期 (R5)进行植株取样，测定植株地上部生物量和植株氮浓度，利用地上部生物量和植株氮浓度构建临界氮浓度稀释模型。2021年在达拉特旗进行验证试验，设置推荐施氮示范田和传统习惯生产田，测定玉米植株地上部生物量和植株氮浓度，利用氮营养指数(NNI)对临界氮浓度稀释模型进行验证。 【结果】 内蒙古中西部不同品种玉米产量水平相当，为10.60～12.72 t/hm2。达拉特旗、五原县、乌拉特前旗3个典型区域的临界氮浓度稀释曲线分别为Nc = 3.09DM－0.32、Nc = 3.30DM–0.28 和Nc = 3.58DM–0.35，生物量与临界氮浓度拟合的决定系数(R2)分别为0.98、0.82和0.88。整合3个试验地点的7个玉米品种数据，将临界氮浓度稀释曲线模型跨地点和品种进一步拟合，建立了内蒙古中西部玉米临界氮浓度稀释曲线Nc = 3.32DM–0.305，R2为0.89，且达到显著水平，模型验证的均方根误差RMSE为2.39 g/kg。根据新构建的临界氮浓度稀释曲线模型，内蒙古中西部玉米合理施氮量为N 180～220 kg/hm2。 【结论】 在同一区域，产量水平接近的玉米品种可以共用一条临界氮浓度稀释曲线。内蒙古中西部玉米产量在10.60～12.72 t/hm2，构建的内蒙古中西部地区春玉米临界氮浓度稀释曲线为Nc = 3.32DM–0.305；模型验证结果表明，该模型稳定性较好，可以有效地对内蒙古中西部玉米植株氮素营养状况进行诊断。通过模型推断，内蒙古中西部玉米合理施氮(N)量为 180～220 kg/hm2。
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| 关 键 词： | 玉米 临界氮浓度稀释曲线 氮营养指数 产量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-02-12 |
Construction and validation of critical nitrogen concentration dilution model for maize in central and western Inner Mongolia |
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| ZHANG Wei-jian,GAO Yu,TANG Yu-zhe,ZHANG He-jing,YANG Hai-bo,YAN Dong,LI Fei.Construction and validation of critical nitrogen concentration dilution model for maize in central and western Inner Mongolia[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,2022,28(11):2020-2029. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Wei-jian GAO Yu TANG Yu-zhe ZHANG He-jing YANG Hai-bo YAN Dong LI Fei |
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| Affiliation: | 1.College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University / Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Soil Quality and Nutrient Resources, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia 010018, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objectives】 The critical nitrogen concentration dilution curve model of maize in the central and western regions of Inner Mongolia was established, and the corresponding nitrogen nutrition index was used to diagnose the nitrogen nutrition of maize, and the reliability of the curve was verified, to provide a theoretical basis for the rational application of nitrogen fertilizer to maize in central and western Inner Mongolia. 【Methods】 Modeling field trials were conducted from 2019 to 2021 in three typical regions of central Inner Mongolia, Dalad Banner, western Wuyuan County, and Urad Front Banner, using Xinyu 12, Jindan 42, Xianyu 1225, Zeyu 19, Hongyu 203, Jindan 542, and Dongnong 258 as test materials, respectively. Six N fertilizer treatments included no N application control (CK), traditional N rate 400 kg/hm2 (CON), optimum N application rate 180 kg/hm2 (OPT), and 70% OPT, 130% OPT, 170% OPT. Plant sampling was at jointing stage (V6), eigh-leaf stage (V8), ten-leaf stage (V10), twelve-leaf stage (V12), silking stage (R1), milk stage (R3) and waxing stage (R5) of maize, respectively, to determine plant above-ground biomass and plant N concentration, and a critical N concentration dilution model was developed using above-ground biomass and plant N concentration. A validation trial was conducted in 2021 in Dalad Banner, where a recommended N application demonstration field and a traditional customary production field were set up, and above-ground biomass and plant N concentration of maize plants were measured to validate the critical N concentration dilution model using the nitrogen nutrient index (NNI). 【Results】 The yield levels of different maize cultivars in central and western Inner Mongolia were comparable, ranging from 10.60–12.72 t/hm2. The dilution curves of critical N concentration in the three typical areas of Dalad Banner, Wuyuan County, and Urad Front Banner were Nc = 3.09DM–0.32, Nc = 3.30DM–0.28 and Nc = 3.58DM–0.35 respectively, and the determination coefficients (R2) of biomass and critical nitrogen concentrations were 0.98, 0.82, and 0.88, respectively. Integrating of critical N concentration data from the seven maize cultivars at three test sites, the critical N concentration dilution curve model was further fitted across sites and cultivars to establish a critical N concentration dilution curve for maize in central and western Inner Mongolia with Nc = 3.32DM–0.305, R2 of 0.89 and reaching a significant level, and the root mean square error RMSE for model validation was 2.39 g/kg. According to the newly constructed critical nitrogen concentration dilution curve model, the optimum N application rate for maize in central and western Inner Mongolia was N 180–220 kg/hm2. 【Conclusions】 Maize varieties with close yield levels in the same region share a single critical N concentration dilution curve. Maize yields in central and western Inner Mongolia ranged from 10.60 to 12.72 t/hm2. The constructed critical N concentration dilution curve for spring maize in central and western Inner Mongolia was Nc = 3.32DM–0.305, and model validation showed that the model was stable and could effectively diagnose the nitrogen nutrient status of maize plants in central and western Inner Mongolia. The model inferred that the reasonable N application rate for maize in central and western Inner Mongolia was N 180–220 kg/hm2. |
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