| 黄土高原旱地小麦施肥对产量及水肥利用效率的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 何晓雁,郝明德,李慧成,蔡志风.黄土高原旱地小麦施肥对产量及水肥利用效率的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2010,16(6):1333-1340. |
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| 作者姓名： | 何晓雁 郝明德 李慧成 蔡志风 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.西北农林科技大学资源与环境学院,陕西杨凌712100; |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目，国家科技支撑计划，中国科学院重大项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 在长期定位试验的基础上,研究了黄土高原旱地不同施肥对小麦产量、土壤养分和水分的变化及其利用效率的影响。结果表明,单施有机肥(M)增产效果较好,产量达5265.0 kg/hm2;有机肥和化肥配施(NPM)小麦产量最高,达5898.8 kg/hm2。NPM配施小麦总吸氮量最大,比单施氮肥(N)增加了131.4 kg/hm2;NPM配施的氮肥利用率、氮肥偏生产力、氮肥农学效率、氮肥生理利用率分别为67.0%、49.16 kg/kg、36.97 kg/kg、73.11kg/kg;在不同施肥体系中其变化趋势基本一致,均为:NNPNMNPM,处理间差异显著。土壤养分含量变化看出,单施氮肥土壤全氮、碱解氮与不施肥(CK)的差异不显著;有机肥可显著提高土壤速效钾的含量;NPM配施土壤耗水量最大为558.3 mm,水分利用率最高为31.5 kg/(hm2.mm),随着耗水量增加的同时,土壤出现干燥化趋势。
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| 关 键 词： | 黄土高原旱地 施肥 养分利用效率 水分利用效率 |
| 收稿时间： | 2010-01-25 |
Effects of different fertilization on yield of wheat and water and fertilizer use efficiency in the Loess Plateau |
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| HE Xiao-yan,HAO Ming-de,LI Hui-cheng,CAI Zhi-feng.Effects of different fertilization on yield of wheat and water and fertilizer use efficiency in the Loess Plateau[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,2010,16(6):1333-1340. |
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| Authors: | HE Xiao-yan HAO Ming-de LI Hui-cheng CAI Zhi-feng |
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| Affiliation: | 1.College of Resource and Environment Science,Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China; |
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| Abstract: | Effects of different fertilization on yield of wheat and soil nutrient and water changes and its use efficiency were studied using a long-term experiment in rainfed lands of the Loess Plateau. The result shows that the best for the yield-increasing in the single applications is the application of the organic compound fertilizer (M), and its output can reach to 5265 kg/ha. The combined applications of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer increase the yield of wheat, and the highest yield is 5898.8 kg/ha under the NPM fertilization. Under the NPM combined application, wheat grain and stalk uptake the largest amounts of total N with the increase of 131.4 kg/ha compared to the single application of N fertilizer. The maximum fertilizer utilization is the combined application of organic fertilizer and nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer, and the nitrogen utilization; nitrogen partial factor productivity, agronomic efficiency and physiological nitrogen utilization are 67.0%, 49.16 kg/kg, 36.97 kg/kg and 73.11 kg/kg. Different fertilization systems reflect the nearly same trend, that is: N
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| Keywords: | rainfed land of Loess plateau different fertilization soil nutrients use efficiency water use efficiency |
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