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施氮量对超高产小麦开花期旗叶光合功能的影响
引用本文:孙旭生,林琪,刘义国,姜雯,翟延举.施氮量对超高产小麦开花期旗叶光合功能的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2009,15(4):771-777.
作者姓名:孙旭生  林琪  刘义国  姜雯  翟延举
作者单位:1.青岛农业大学农学与植物保护学院,山东青岛,266109;
基金项目:国家粮食丰产科技工程项目,国家科技支撑计划,国家科技支撵计划,国家自然科学基金 
摘    要:在田间条件下,采用开放式气路测定了小麦旗叶的光合功能的相关指标,研究了施氮量对超高产小麦旗叶开花期荧光动力学参数的影响。结果表明,氮素对超高产小麦开花期的荧光动力学参数和光合特性有较大的调节作用。随着光照时间的延长,小麦旗叶的荧光参数ΦPSII(作用光存在时PSII实际的光化学量子效率)、qP(光化学猝灭系数)、F’v/F’m(开放的PSII反应中心的激发能捕获效率)、NPQ(非光化学猝灭系数)、ETR(电子传递速率)逐渐上升并在20 min左右趋于稳定,与光合同步;但在高氮条件下ΦPSII和qP反而较低氮处理的降低。表明在合理的施氮范围内,施氮能通过提高F’v/F’m、NPQ、ETR来增强光合机构对环境的适应能力,进而保护光合器官。在本试验条件下,超高产麦田的适宜施氮量为N 300 kg/hm2。

关 键 词:超高产    小麦    荧光动力学参数    光合作用
收稿时间:2008-8-5

Effects of nitrogen application on photosynthetic functions of flag leaves of superhigh-yield winter wheat at the flowering stage
SUN Xu-sheng,LIN Qi,LIU Yi-guo,JIANG Wen,ZHAI Yan-ju.Effects of nitrogen application on photosynthetic functions of flag leaves of superhigh-yield winter wheat at the flowering stage[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,2009,15(4):771-777.
Authors:SUN Xu-sheng  LIN Qi  LIU Yi-guo  JIANG Wen  ZHAI Yan-ju
Affiliation:1.College of Agriculture and Plant Protection,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao,266109,China;
2 Laizhou Jinhai Seed Limited Company,Laizhou,Shandong 261400,China;
Abstract:In order to offer a technological support for fertilizer management of superhigh-yield winter wheat, effects of ni-trogen application on the fluorescence kinetics parameters of flag leaves of superhigh-yield winter wheat at the flowering stage under field condition were studied. ΦPSⅡ(quantum yield of photosystem Ⅱ photochemistry), qP(photochemical quenching), F'v/F'm (the efficiency of open reaction centers in light), NPQ (non-photochemical quenching), ETR (electron transport rate), net photosynthesis rate (Pn), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) and stomata] conductance (Gs) of the flag leaves were measured using Li-6400 portable photosynthesis system with an open flow gas exchange sys-tem. The results show that the kinetics parameters of fluorescence and the photosynthetic characteristics of the flag leaves at the flowering stage were regulated under the nitrogen application. As lighting prolonged, fluorescence parameters of ΦPSⅡ, qP, F'v/F'm, NPQ and ETR are gradually increased, and are stable at 21 minute or so. However, ΦPSⅡ and qP under the high N level treatment is lower than that under the low N. F'v/F'm, NPQ and ETR are increased under the rational nitrogen application amount. Therefore, adaptability of the photosynthesis organs to the changes of environment is enhanced, and photosynthetic organs are protected. The highest grain yield is observed in the treatment with N 300 kg/ha application.
Keywords:superhigh-yield  wheat  fluorescence kinetics parameters  photosynthesis
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