| 生物质炭基尿素和普通尿素对毛竹林土壤氧化亚氮通量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 曹善郅,周家树,张少博,姚易寒,刘娟,李永夫.生物质炭基尿素和普通尿素对毛竹林土壤氧化亚氮通量的影响[J].浙江农林大学学报,2023,40(1):135-144. |
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| 作者姓名： | 曹善郅 周家树 张少博 姚易寒 刘娟 李永夫 |
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| 作者单位： | 浙江农林大学 省部共建亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室，浙江 杭州 311300 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目(31870576) |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 探索生物质炭基尿素和普通尿素的施用对毛竹Phyllostachys edulis林土壤氧化亚氮(N2O)通量与环境因子的影响效应与作用机制，为研发减缓土壤N2O排放的施肥技术提供科学依据。 方法 2018年9月至2019年9月，在杭州市临安区青山镇亚热带典型毛竹林样地布置野外控制试验。试验设5个处理:对照(不施肥)、低水平尿素(100 kg·hm?2)、高水平尿素(300 kg·hm?2)、低水平炭基尿素(100 kg·hm?2)和高水平炭基尿素(300 kg·hm?2)。采用静态箱—气相色谱法测定毛竹林土壤N2O排放速率，分析在上述施肥处理下土壤N2O通量、温度、含水量、氮素形态及相关酶活性的动态变化规律。 结果 低水平尿素和高水平尿素处理使毛竹林土壤N2O的年累积排放通量增加了17.3%和36.0%，而低水平炭基尿素和高水平炭基尿素处理分别使其降低了3.1%和16.9%。尿素和炭基尿素处理均显著提高土壤铵态氮(NH4 +-N)和硝态氮(NO3 –-N)质量分数(P＜0.05)；尿素处理显著增加了土壤水溶性有机氮质量分数以及脲酶和蛋白酶活性，而炭基尿素处理显著降低了上述3个指标(P＜0.05)。另外，在上述5个处理下，毛竹林土壤N2O排放速率与土壤温度、NH4 +-N、水溶性有机氮、脲酶活性和蛋白酶活性均存在显著相关性(P＜0.05)。 结论 与尿素相比，炭基尿素对毛竹林土壤N2O具有显著的减排效应，主要机制是其降低了土壤水溶性有机氮质量分数和氮循环相关酶活性。图5表3参55
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| 关 键 词： | 毛竹林 氧化亚氮 炭基尿素 氮组分 施肥 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-03-28 |
Effects of biochar-based urea and common urea on soil N2O flux in Phyllostachys edulis forest soil |
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| CAO Shanzhi,ZHOU Jiashu,ZHANG Shaobo,YAO Yihan,LIU Juan,LI Yongfu.Effects of biochar-based urea and common urea on soil N2O flux in Phyllostachys edulis forest soil[J].Journal of Zhejiang A&F University,2023,40(1):135-144. |
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| Authors: | CAO Shanzhi ZHOU Jiashu ZHANG Shaobo YAO Yihan LIU Juan LI Yongfu |
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| Affiliation: | State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective The aim of this study is to explore the effect and mechanism of the application of biochar-based urea and common urea on soil N2O flux and environmental factors in Phyllostachys edulis forest, so as to provide scientific basis for the development of fertilization technology to reduce soil N2O emissions. Method A field control experiment was carried out in a typical subtropical Ph. edulis forest in Qingshan Town, Lin’an District of Hangzhou from September 2018 to September 2019. 5 treatments were set up: control (ck), low-level urea (100 kg·hm?2), high-level urea (300 kg·hm?2), low-level biochar-based urea (100 kg·hm?2) and high-level biochar-based urea (300 kg·hm?2). Soil N2O flux of Ph. edulis forest was determined by static chamber-gas chromatography, and the dynamic changes of soil N2O flux, temperature and water content, nitrogen forms and related enzyme activities were analyzed under the above fertilization treatments. Result Low-level urea and high-level urea treatments increased the annual cumulative N2O emission by 17.3% and 36.0%, while low-level biochar-based urea and high-level biochar-based urea treatments reduced it by 3.1% and 16.9%, respectively. Both urea and biochar-based urea treatments significantly increased soil NH4 +-N and NO3 –-N concentrations (P＜0.05). Urea treatment significantly increased the concentration of soil water-soluble organic nitrogen and activities of urease and protease, while biochar-based urea treatment significantly decreased the values of these 3 indicators (P＜0.05). In addition, under the above 5 treatments, there was a significant correlation between soil N2O emission rate and soil temperature, NH4 +-N, water-soluble organic nitrogen, urease and protease activities. Conclusion Compared with urea, biochar-based urea has a significant reduction effect on soil N2O flux in Ph. edulis forest, and the key mechanism lies in that biochar-based urea reduces concentration of soil water-soluble organic nitrogen and activities of N-cycling enzymes. Ch, 5 fig. 3 tab. 55 ref.] |
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