| 薄层黑土微生物生物量碳氮对土壤侵蚀—沉积的响应 |
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| 引用本文： | 冯志珍,郑粉莉,易 祎. 薄层黑土微生物生物量碳氮对土壤侵蚀—沉积的响应[J]. 土壤学报, 2017, 54(6): 1332-1344. DOI: 10.11766/trxb201703080015 |
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| 作者姓名： | 冯志珍 郑粉莉 易 祎 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌,712100;2. 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌 712100;中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌 712100;3. 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌,712100 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目） |
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| 摘 要： | 研究土壤侵蚀—沉积对土壤微生物生物量的影响可以为科学评估土壤侵蚀的环境效应提供依据。以典型薄层黑土区——黑龙江省宾州河流域为研究区,利用土壤137Cs含量估算侵蚀速率,通过分析流域不同位置和不同坡面部位土壤微生物生物量碳和氮含量以及土壤侵蚀强度的差异,揭示土壤微生物生物量对土壤侵蚀—沉积的响应规律。结果表明:流域不同位置和不同坡面部位土壤微生物生物量的分布存在明显差异,并呈现出与土壤侵蚀—沉积空间分布相反的变化趋势。土壤侵蚀速率在流域的分布为上游中游下游,在坡面的分布为坡中部坡上部坡下部;土壤微生物生物量碳(Microbial biomass carbon,MBC)和微生物生物量氮(Microbial biomass nitrogen,MBN)在流域表现为下游中游上游,在坡面表现为坡下部坡上部坡中部。回归分析表明,MBC、MBN、有机质(Organic matter,OM)和全氮(Total nitrogen,TN)含量随土壤侵蚀强度的增大而减少。土壤侵蚀对土壤微生物生物量的分布有重要影响,土壤侵蚀—沉积过程引起土壤养分的迁移和再分布是导致侵蚀区和沉积区土壤微生物生物量分布产生差异的重要原因。
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤侵蚀-沉积 土壤侵蚀速率 微生物生物量碳 微生物生物量氮 薄层黑土 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-01-14 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017-06-11 |
Responses of Microbial Biomass Carbon and Nitrogen to Erosion and Deposition in Black Soil Thin in Depth |
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| FENG Zhizhen,ZHENG Fenli and YI Yi. Responses of Microbial Biomass Carbon and Nitrogen to Erosion and Deposition in Black Soil Thin in Depth[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2017, 54(6): 1332-1344. DOI: 10.11766/trxb201703080015 |
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| Authors: | FENG Zhizhen ZHENG Fenli YI Yi |
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| Affiliation: | State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A & F University,State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A & F University and College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University |
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| Abstract: | [Objective]Soil erosion is a serious problem,causing soil and nutrient losses and altering physical,chemical and biological properties of the soil. Numerous reports have been published on effects of soil erosion on soil physicochemical properties. However,little has been done on quantitative analysis of how soil erosion and deposition affect soil microbial biomass in the black soil region of China. Soil microbial biomass is a sensitive indicator of changes in the environment,compared with soil organic matter. The study on impacts of soil erosion and deposition on soil microbial biomass is expected to be able to provide certain important basis for scientific evaluation of the environmental effects of soil erosion. Therefore,the study was oriented to investigate response of soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen to soil erosion and deposition,by analyzing soil microbial biomass carbon,microbial biomass nitrogen and erosion rate of the soils at different locations(the upper stream,middle stream and downstream reaches)in the valley and different positions(the upper,middle,and lower slope position)on a slope.[Method]The Binzhou River Valley,a typical region of black soil thin in soil layer in Northeast China,was taken as the research area. Contents of microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen in the soils of the sampling sites different in slope position and location in the valley were measured using the chloroform fumigation extraction method and erosion rates of the soils estimated using the137Cs tracer method.[Result]Results show significant differences exist between the soils in spatial distribution of soil microbial biomass,and negative relationships of the spatial distributions of soil microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen with that of soil erosion and deposition. On the watershed scale,soil erosion rate declined drastically from the upper stream down to the middle stream and the lower stream,while both soil microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen exhibited a reverse trend,being significantly higher in the downstream than in the upper stream and middle stream. The content of soil microbial biomass carbon was 26.9% and 17.4% lower,respectively,in the upper stream and the middle stream than in the downstream,and the content of soil microbial biomass nitrogen 22.9% and 18.1% lower. On the slope scale,soil erosion rate descended significantly from the middle slope position to the upper slope position and to the lower slope position;but both soil microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen acted reversely,too,beingsignificantly higher at the lower slope than at the middle slope. The content of soil microbial biomass carbon was 13.8% and 20.2%,respectively,lower at the upper slope and the middle slope than at the lower slope,and the content of soil microbial biomass nitrogen 10.0% and 19.5% lower. Regression analysis shows that the contents of soil microbial biomass and nutrient decreased linearly with increasing soil erosion rate. Microbial biomass carbon,microbial biomass nitrogen,organic matter and total nitrogen in the soil were negatively related with soil erosion rate at an extremely significant level(p<0.01),respectively.[Conclusion]Obviously soil erosion has some profound impacts on spatial distributions of the microbial biomasscarbon and microbial biomass nitrogen in the soil. The removal and redistribution of soil nutrients caused by the processes of soil erosion and deposition is the main reason why spatial distribution of soil microbial biomass differ between erosion and deposition areas. |
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| Keywords: | Soil erosion and deposition Soil erosion rate Microbial biomass carbon Microbial biomass nitrogen Black soil thin in soil layer |
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