| 长期施肥对氮素利用以及土壤剖面氮素分布、积累的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 张秀芝,李强,高洪军,彭畅,高纪超,焦云飞,朱平.长期施肥对氮素利用以及土壤剖面氮素分布、积累的影响[J].玉米科学,2023,31(5):128-135. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张秀芝 李强 高洪军 彭畅 高纪超 焦云飞 朱平 |
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| 作者单位： | 吉林省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所, 长春 130033 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0800103)、农业农村部“科研设施专项运行维护费”(G2022-07-2) |
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| 摘 要： | 依托28年长期定位试验，采集不同施肥处理土壤剖面样品，测定土壤硝态氮含量，结合产量计算氮素利用效率。结果表明，长期施肥显著增加玉米子粒产量、地上部总吸氮量及氮收获指数。化肥+有机肥(NPKM)处理产量最高，较单施化肥(NPK)处理提高8.7%。各处理硝态氮含量随着土层的加深均呈先降低后升高的趋势，硝态氮主要积累在0～100 cm土体，NPK、NPKM处理硝态氮积累量占比高于55%。因此，有机肥替代部分化肥可显著提高子粒产量，增加氮素利用效率，减少氮素淋溶。
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| 关 键 词： | 玉米 长期施肥 氮素利用效率 硝态氮分布与积累 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022/9/26 0:00:00 |
Effects of Long-Term Fertilizer on N Use Efficiency and Distribution Accumulation of NO3--N in Soil Profile |
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| ZHANG Xiu-zhi,LI Qiang,GAO Hong-jun,PENG Chang,GAO Ji-chao,JIAO Yun-fei,ZHU Ping.Effects of Long-Term Fertilizer on N Use Efficiency and Distribution Accumulation of NO3--N in Soil Profile[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2023,31(5):128-135. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Xiu-zhi LI Qiang GAO Hong-jun PENG Chang GAO Ji-chao JIAO Yun-fei ZHU Ping |
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| Affiliation: | Institute of Agricultural Resource and Environment, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China |
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| Abstract: | Based on the 28-year long-term fertilizer experiment, soil nitrate nitrogen content was analyzed under different fertilizer treatments, and nitrogen use efficiency was calculated based on the yield. The results showed that long-term fertilization significantly increased grain yield, total N uptake and N harvest index. NPKM treatment had the highest yield which was 8.7% higher than NPK. In all treatments nitrate nitrogen content decreased first and then increased with the deepening of soil layer. Nitrate nitrogen mainly accumulated in 0-100 cm soil layer, and the proportion of nitrate nitrogen accumulation was higher than 55% under NPK and NPKM treatments. Therefore, organic fertilizer N replaced part of chemical fertilizer N can significantly improve maize grain yield, increase N use efficiency, reduce N leaching. |
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| Keywords: | Maize Long-term fertilizer N use efficiency Nitrate N distribution and accumulation |
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