| 印楝在干热河谷的适应性 |
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| 引用本文： | 林文杰,伍建榕,马焕成.印楝在干热河谷的适应性[J].浙江农林大学学报,2007,24(5):538-543. |
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| 作者姓名： | 林文杰 伍建榕 马焕成 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.西南林学院西南地区生物多样性保育国家林业局重点实验室,云南昆明650224;2.贵州省环境科学研究设计院,贵州贵阳550002 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家林业局资助项目(2001061);云南省昆明市科技局计划项目(2002201007);西南林学院研究基金重点项目(110502) |
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| 摘 要： | 通过印楝Azadirachta indica在干热河谷地区造林试验,分别研究根际土壤水分动态、植物在雨季和旱季时的生长和光合生理特性,以探讨印楝对干热气候适应性的机制。研究表明,土壤含水量与吸力成幂函数关系。当土壤含水量下降到5.9%,土壤吸力上升到1.5MPa达3个月的条件下,印楝仍然能维持生存,表明该植物具有极强的耐旱性。在旱季时,印楝受到土壤和大气干旱胁迫,生长基本停止,顶芽枯死,大部分叶片脱落,以减少水分蒸腾,保持植物体内的水分平衡;在雨季时,印楝能迅速生长,整个生长周期呈现曲折性生长规律。印楝在旱季的气孔导度、净光合速率和蒸腾速率分别为雨季的23.8%, 47.1%和64.9%。在旱季时,水分利用率明显下降。在旱季时,印楝的光合生理明显下降,其主要原因是叶片的光合系统受到明显的破坏。通过生长和生理上的适应,在经过6个月旱季后,印楝的保存率达90%以上,表明印楝适应于干热河谷地区生长。图7表1参16
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| 关 键 词： | 植物学 印楝 干热河谷 生长 光合生理 |
| 收稿时间： | 2007-01-08 |
Adaptability of Azadirachta indica in dry-hot valley |
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| LINWen-jie,WUJian-rong,MAHuan-cheng.Adaptability of Azadirachta indica in dry-hot valley[J].Journal of Zhejiang A&F University,2007,24(5):538-543. |
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| Authors: | LINWen-jie WUJian-rong MAHuan-cheng |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China of The State Forestry Administration, Southwest Forestry College, Kunming 650224, Yunnan, China;2.Guizhou Researching and Designing Institute of Environmental Science, Guiyang 550002, Guizhou, China |
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| Abstract: | After afforestationwith Azadirachta indica(Neem tree)in a dry-hotvalley of upriverof Jinshajiang, soil water dynamics, growth characteristics, and physiology during the rainy and dry seasonswere studied to explore the tree' s drought adaptation mechanisms by random test with three replication. Results showed an exponential relationship between soil water content and water potential.When soil water content decreased to 5.9% with a soil water potential of- 1.5MPa for3 months, A. indica still survived. A. indica grewvery slowly,peak buds died,and most leaves fell in the dry season; howerer, it grew quickly in the rainy season. The tree presented a bent growthpattern. Compared to the dry season, in the rainy seasons there was a decrease in stomatal conductance
(76.2%), net photosynthetic rate(52.9%), and transpiration rate(35.1%); also water use efficiency increased. In addition, the photosynthetic physiology of A. indica decreased in the dry season, because drought damaged the photosynthetic system. Through growth and physiological changes, such as reduced transpiration to maintain water balance, A. indica was adaptable to dry-hot valley.Ch, 7 fig. 1 tab. 16 ref.] |
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