| 城市化对麻雀数量与分布的影响——以北京为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 张淑萍,郑光美.城市化对麻雀数量与分布的影响——以北京为例[J].中国鸟类,2010,1(3). |
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| 作者姓名： | 张淑萍 郑光美 |
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| 摘 要： | 随着中国各地城市化进程的加快,城市中麻雀(Passer montanus)的生存可能受到食物和栖息地缺乏的影响.我们以北京为例研究了城市化对麻雀数量和分布的影响.结果表明:麻雀的丰富度与城市化分数呈显著负相关,高层居民区、商业中心以及主干道两侧的麻雀丰富度显著较低,而公园、校园、低层居民区以及城郊区的麻雀丰富度显著较高;50 m尺度内针叶树的数量和硬化地面积以及200 m尺度内高层建筑和植被面积是影响冬季麻雀分布的主要环境因子;50 m尺度内的低层建筑面积、针叶树数量、硬化地面积以及400 m尺度的高层建筑和植被面积是影响繁殖期麻雀分布的主要环境因子.以上结果表明尽管麻雀是一种适应人类环境的鸟类,然而高度城市化的区域不适合麻雀的栖息.我们建议将城市鸟类的栖息纳入未来的生态城市规划中.
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| 关 键 词： | 城市化 麻雀(Passer montanus) 丰富度 分布 北京 |
Effect of urbanization on the abundance and distribution of Tree Sparrows (Passer montanus) in Beijing |
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| Shuping ZHANG,Guangmei ZHENG.Effect of urbanization on the abundance and distribution of Tree Sparrows (Passer montanus) in Beijing[J].Chinese Birds,2010,1(3). |
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| Authors: | Shuping ZHANG Guangmei ZHENG |
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| Abstract: | With rapid urbanization occurring throughout China, the existence of Tree Sparrows (Passer montanus) in big cities is likely to be affected by a decrease in habitat and food availabil-ity. Can the urban Tree Sparrow adapt to these changes? To elucidate this question, we studied the effect of urbanization on the abundance and distribution of Tree Sparrows in Beijing, We found the abundance of the Tree Sparrow negatively correlated with an urbanization score. Sparrow abun-dance was very low in residential areas with high-rise buildings, commercial centers and main roads, while their numbers were significantly higher in parks, university campuses, low building residential and suburban areas. Environmental factors within the 50 m and 200 m scales were most suitable in predicting the distribution of Tree Sparrows during winter, while factors within 50 m and 400 m scales are suitable during the breeding season. During winter, the number of conifer trees and pedestrians were the major factors at the 50 m scale, while the area of high-rise build-ings and vegetation become the predominant factors on a 200 m scale. Alternatively, during the breeding season the area of low buildings and the number of conifers and pedestrians were the main factors on the 50 m scale while the area of high-rise buildings and vegetation remained the most important factors on the 400 m scale. These results indicate that highly urbanized areas are not suitable habitats for the Tree Sparrow, although this species can adapt to human environments.Food and nest sites for urban birds should be considered in urban planning of big cities in develop-ing countries. |
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| Keywords: | urbanization Tree Sparrow (Passer montanus) abundance distribution Beijing |
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