| 野鸦椿和圆齿野鸦椿对低温胁迫的生理响应及抗寒性评价 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘聪,陆思羽,涂淑萍,姜雪茹.野鸦椿和圆齿野鸦椿对低温胁迫的生理响应及抗寒性评价[J].南方农业学报,2022,53(6):1685-1692. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘聪 陆思羽 涂淑萍 姜雪茹 |
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| 作者单位： | 江西农业大学林学院, 江西南昌 330045 |
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| 基金项目： | 江西省林业厅科技创新专项资金项目(201812)江西省教育厅青年项目(GJJ200446)江西省重点研发计划项目(20161BBF60068) |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】评价野鸦椿与圆齿野鸦椿抗寒性的强弱，为野鸦椿属植物抗寒性育种研究提供科学依据。【方法】采取野鸦椿和圆齿野鸦椿当年生实生苗枝梢，在4℃条件下处理0、5、10和15 d，采摘定型叶测定可溶性蛋白（Pro）、可溶性糖（SP）、丙二醛（MDA）含量和过氧化氢酶（CAT）、过氧化物酶（POD）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性，以及相对电导率（REC）。利用主成分分析和隶属函数法进行抗寒生理生化指标筛选及野鸦椿与圆齿野鸭椿的抗寒性评价。【结果】野鸦椿和圆齿野鸦椿2个树种的叶片POD、CAT及SOD活性在低温胁迫下均表现为先升后降的变化趋势。野鸦椿的叶片SP含量变化幅度比圆齿野鸦椿小；圆齿野鸦椿和野鸦椿的叶片Pro含量均表现为先升后降，但野鸦椿的叶片Pro含量在试验后期（5 d后）下降不明显；圆齿野鸦椿的叶片MDA含量及变化幅度均高于野鸦椿。2个树种的叶片REC均随低温处理时间的延长而上升。各指标之间，除MDA含量与SP含量呈显著正相关外（P<0.05），其他指标间相关均不显著（P>0.05）。判别野鸦椿和圆齿野鸦椿抗寒性强弱的生理生化指标依其重要性排序依次为POD=REC>Pro>MDA>SP>CAT。【结论】 POD、REC、Pro和MDA可用于野鸦椿和圆齿野鸦椿抗寒育种筛选，其中POD和REC对2个树种抗寒性强弱影响较大。此外，野鸦椿幼苗抗寒性远强于圆齿野鸦椿，可考虑将野鸦椿作为砧木对圆齿野鸦椿进行嫁接，提高圆齿野鸦椿的抗寒性。
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| 关 键 词： | 野鸦椿 圆齿野鸦椿 抗寒性 生理生化特性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-11-24 |
Physiological response and cold-resistance evaluation of Euscaphis japonica and Euscaphis konishii under low temperature stress |
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| LIU Cong,LU Si-yu,TU Shu-ping,JIANG Xue-ru.Physiological response and cold-resistance evaluation of Euscaphis japonica and Euscaphis konishii under low temperature stress[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2022,53(6):1685-1692. |
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| Authors: | LIU Cong LU Si-yu TU Shu-ping JIANG Xue-ru |
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| Affiliation: | College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】 To evaluate cold resistance of Euscaphis japonica and Euscaphis konishii，so as to provide scientific basis for breeding cold-resistant Euscaphis.【Method】Seedling shoots of E.japonica and E.konishii sprouted that year were taken as materials to be treated with 4℃ for 0，5，10 and 15 d，and the contents of soluble protein（Pro），soluble sugar（SP）and malondialdehyde（MDA）in the fixed leaves were picked and measured，catalase（CAT），peroxidase （POD），superoxide dismutase（SOD）activities，and relative conductivity（REC）were measured.Principal component analysis and membership function method were used to screen cold-resistant E.japonica and E.konishii according to physiological and biochemical indexes and evaluate cold resistance of E.japonica and E.konishii.【Result】POD，CAT and SOD activity of leaves of E.japonica and E.konishii under low temperature stress rose first and then fell.The change range of SP content of E.japonica leaves was smaller than that of E.konishii leaves.Pro contents of E.konishii and E.japonica leaves first increased and then decreased，but Pro contents of E.japonica leaves did not decrease significantly in the later stage（after 5 d）.MDA content and its change range of E.konishii leaves were higher than that of E.japonica leaves.REC of leaves of both varieties increased with the extension of low temperature treatment time.Except significant correlation was found between MDA content and SP content（P<0.05），no significant correlation among the other indexes was found（P>0.05）.The importance of physiological and biochemical indexes for distinguishing cold resistance of E.japonica and E.konishii was in the order of POD=REC>Pro>MDA>SP>CAT.【Conclusion】 POD，REC，Pro and MDA can be used for cold-resistance breeding and screening cold-resistant E.japonica and E.konishii.Among them，POD and REC have a greater impact on the cold resistance of the two tree varieties.In addition，the cold resistance of E.japonica is much stronger than that of E.konishii.E.japonica can be taken as the rootstock to graft E.konishii to improve the cold resistance of E.konishii. |
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