| 太子参叶斑病病原鉴定及室内药剂筛选 |
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| 引用本文： | 何洁,梁霜,张国俊,赵致,李忠.太子参叶斑病病原鉴定及室内药剂筛选[J].南方农业学报,2021,52(8):2124-2132. |
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| 作者姓名： | 何洁 梁霜 张国俊 赵致 李忠 |
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| 作者单位： | 1 贵州大学农学院, 贵阳 550025;2 贵州省农业微生物资源重点实验室, 贵阳 550025 |
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| 基金项目： | 贵州省科技支撑计划项目（黔科合支撑〔2017〕2828，黔科合支撑〔2020〕4Y096） |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】明确贵州省施秉县太子参叶斑病的病原种类，并探究6种杀菌剂对病原菌的室内抑制活性，以期为太子参叶斑病田间药剂防治提供参考。【方法】利用组织分离法对具有典型叶斑病症状的太子参病叶进行病原菌分离纯化，依据柯赫氏法则进行验证，结合形态学观察及多基因（ITS、tef1、LSU、SSU、GAPDH和rpb2）系统发育分析对病原菌进行鉴定；采用菌丝生长速率法测定6种常见杀菌剂（35%氟菌·戊唑醇悬浮剂、43%氟菌·肟菌酯悬浮剂、75%肟菌·戊唑醇水分散粒剂、60%唑醚代森联水分散粒剂、37%苯醚甲环唑水分散粒剂和30%苯甲丙环唑乳油）对病原菌的室内毒力。【结果】引起贵州省施秉县太子参叶斑病的病原菌为细极链格孢（Alteraria tenuissima），菌株编号为TZSYB1。室内毒力测定结果表明，供试6种杀菌剂对菌株TZSYB1菌丝生长均有一定的抑制作用，其中30%苯甲丙环唑乳油的抑制活性最强，对病原菌的抑制中浓度（EC50）为10.81 μg/mL；其次为37%苯醚甲环唑水分散粒和43%氟菌·肟菌酯悬浮剂，EC50分别为21.31和27.31 μg/mL。【结论】引起贵州省施秉县太子参叶斑病的病原菌为细极链格孢，可选用30%苯甲丙环唑乳油、37%苯醚甲环唑水分散粒剂和43%氟菌·肟菌酯悬浮剂进一步开展田间防治试验。
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| 关 键 词： | 太子参 叶斑病 病原鉴定 细极链格孢 药剂筛选 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-09-25 |
Pathogen identification and screening of fungicides against Pseudostellaria heterophylla(Miq.) Pax leaf spot |
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| HE Jie,LIANG Shuang,ZHANG Guo-jun,ZHAO Zhi,LI Zhong.Pathogen identification and screening of fungicides against Pseudostellaria heterophylla(Miq.) Pax leaf spot[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2021,52(8):2124-2132. |
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| Authors: | HE Jie LIANG Shuang ZHANG Guo-jun ZHAO Zhi LI Zhong |
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| Affiliation: | 1 College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;2 Key Laboratory of Propagation and Cultivation on Medicinal Plants in Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】 In order to identify the pathogen species of Pseudostellaria heterophylla(Miq.) Pax leaf spot in Shibing, Guizhou, and to explore the indoor inhibitory activity of six fungicides against the pathogen, so as to provide reference for field fungicide control.【Method】 The pathogen were isolated and purified from diseased leaves wit typical leaf spot systems by tissue isolation method, and the pathogen were verified according to Koch's rule. Combined with morphological observation and phylogenetic tree based on ITS, tef1, LSU, SSU, GAPDH and rpb2 genes, the pathogenwere identified, and the indoor toxicity of six common fungicides(35% tebuconazole·tebuconazole SC, 43% fluorobacterium·oximeryl ester SC, 75% oximex·tebuconazole WG, 60% azolethenyl WG, 37% difenoconazole WG and 30% benzopropiconazole EC) to the pathogen was determined by mycelial growth rate method.【Results】 Alteraria tenuissima was the pathogen causing the leaf spot disease of P. heterophylla in Shibing, Guizhou, and the strain number was TZSYB1. The results of indoor toxicity test showed that the six fungicides had certain inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth of TZSYB1. Among them, 30% propiconazole EC had the strongest inhibitory activity with Moderate inhibitory concentration(EC50) of 10.81 μg/mL, followed by 37% difenoconazole WG, and EC50 was 21.31 μg/mL, then was 43% fluorobactam·oxime ester SC, which EC50 was 27.31% μg/mL.【Conclusion】 The pathogen of P. heterophylla leaf spot in Shibing, Guizhou is A. tenuissima. 30% propiconazole EC, 37% difenoconazole WG and 43% fluorobacilli·oxime ester SC can be selected for further field control. |
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