| 长江十年禁渔后保护与发展 |
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| 引用本文： | 董芳,方冬冬,张辉,危起伟.长江十年禁渔后保护与发展[J].水产学报,2023,47(2):029318-029318. |
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| 作者姓名： | 董芳 方冬冬 张辉 危起伟 |
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| 作者单位： | 贵州大学生命科学学院，高原山地动物遗传育种与繁殖教育部重点实验室，贵州 贵阳 550025;南京农业大学无锡渔业学院，江苏 无锡 210014;中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所，农业农村部淡水生物多样性保护重点实验室，湖北 武汉 430223;贵州大学生命科学学院，高原山地动物遗传育种与繁殖教育部重点实验室，贵州 贵阳 550025;南京农业大学无锡渔业学院，江苏 无锡 210014;中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所，农业农村部淡水生物多样性保护重点实验室，湖北 武汉 430223;武汉长江中华鲟保护中心，湖北 武汉 430223 |
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| 基金项目： | 农业农村部财政专项“长江渔业资源与环境调查(2017—2021)” |
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| 摘 要： | 长江是我国鱼类多样性最高的河流，同时也是我国最重要的淡水渔业资源产区。然而，近几十年来受水域污染、水工程建设、湖泊围垦、航运发展、过度捕捞和外来种入侵等多重因素的影响，长江流域生态系统面临着逐渐衰退的困境，主要表现为鱼类种类数减少、鱼类濒危物种程度加剧、鱼类资源小型化趋势明显、鱼类资源呈衰退趋势和外来物种种类增多等。长江十年禁渔，对恢复长江水生态环境和保护水域生物多样性提供了重要的机遇。作者建议统筹协调长江生态保护与渔业发展的关系，创新流域管理体制与机制，根据长江水生态系统结构与功能变化，适时调整服务目标，其目的旨在实现对长江流域水生态环境的保护和渔业资源的可持续发展提供科学依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 长江 十年禁渔 渔业资源 生态保护 渔业发展 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022/10/1 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2023/1/9 0:00:00 |
Protection and development after the ten-year fishing ban in the Yangtze River |
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| DONG Fang,FANG Dongdong,ZHANG Hui,WEI Qiwei.Protection and development after the ten-year fishing ban in the Yangtze River[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2023,47(2):029318-029318. |
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| Authors: | DONG Fang FANG Dongdong ZHANG Hui WEI Qiwei |
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| Affiliation: | Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.;Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214000, China;Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.;Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214000, China;Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China;The Center for Chinese Sturgeon Conservation, Wuhan 430223, China |
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| Abstract: | The Yangtze River is the longest river in China, stretching 6300 km and playing an irreplaceable role in the country''s ecosystem. It is also home to one of the world''s richest aquatic biodiversity, with 443 freshwater fish species and 156 of them being endemic to the river. As a major source of freshwater fishery production in China, the capture fishery yield accounts for 60% of the total Chinese inland fisheries output. However, human activities such as hydro project construction, enclosing-lake cultivation, overfishing, water pollution, shipping development, and exotic fish species invasion have caused a declined aquatic ecosystem service of the Yangtze River ecosystem. This decline is reflected in the decrease in fish species, increase in endangered species, miniaturization of fish individuals, and increase of exotic species. To resolve this issue, the Chinese government has implemented a ten-year fishing ban in the Yangtze River, starting on January 1, 2021, with the aim of restoring the aquatic environment and conserving the aquatic biodiversity. To ensure the sustainable development of fishery resources in the Yangtze River, it is suggested to coordinate the relationship between ecological protection and fishery development, innovate the management system and mechanism, and adjust service objectives according to changes in the Yangtze River aquatic ecosystem. These studies aim to provide a scientific policy suggestion for the protection of the Yangtze River aquatic ecosystem and the sustainable development of its fishery resources. |
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| Keywords: | Yangtze River a ten-year fishing ban fishery resources ecological protection fisheries development |
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