| 基于SWAT的河套灌区氮磷面源污染时空变化研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 易绍荣,冯雪娇,王宗伟,熊俊峰,林晨,夏雨,吴瀚逸.基于SWAT的河套灌区氮磷面源污染时空变化研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2023,42(11):2550-2559. |
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| 作者姓名： | 易绍荣 冯雪娇 王宗伟 熊俊峰 林晨 夏雨 吴瀚逸 |
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| 作者单位： | 南昌工程学院水利与生态工程学院, 南昌 330099;中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所, 中国科学院流域地理学重点实验室, 南京 210008;南京航天宏图信息技术有限公司, 南京 210012;江苏省测绘工程院, 南京 210013;中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所, 中国科学院流域地理学重点实验室, 南京 210008;北京师范大学遥感科学国家重点实验室, 北京 100875;北京师范大学环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室, 北京 100875 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(42201400)；江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20221058)；自然资源部国土卫星遥感应用重点实验室开放基金项目(KLSMNR-G202215) |
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| 摘 要： | 以河套灌区为研究区,采用SWAT模型估算该灌区流域面源污染负荷,分析面源污染的空间分布特征和年际变化趋势,识别灌区面源污染关键区域和关键污染源。结果表明:2001-2020年灌区内总氮、总磷负荷年平均值分别为565.23 kg·a-1和108.93kg·a-1;面源氮磷负荷高值区主要分布于灌区中部,低值区主要分布于灌区北部;面源氮磷负荷在中部地区表现为先上升再下降趋势,西部地区表现为先下降再上升趋势,而在东部及北部地区表现为下降趋势;灌区内在产生生活污水过程中产生的氮类和磷类污染物贡献率最大,达到44.51%,其次就是种植业源和养殖业源,贡献率分别为28.76%和26.73%,其中种植业源贡献率会受降雨量变化影响,从东部的乌拉特前旗站向西至杭锦后旗站水量逐渐减少,种植业源贡献率也表现出东部高于西部。生活污水作为第一污染来源,需要严格控制其排放,应着重对厕所粪尿通过排入化粪池等处理方法将其中有害物质转化为沼液等对农作物有用的物质。
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| 关 键 词： | SWAT模型 河套灌区 总氮 总磷 面源污染 污染源 |
| 收稿时间： | 2023/6/5 0:00:00 |
Spatial-temporal changes of nitrogen and phosphorus non-point source pollution in Hetao Irrigation District based on SWAT |
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| YI Shaorong,FENG Xuejiao,WANG Zongwei,XIONG Junfeng,LIN Chen,XIA Yu,WU Hanyi.Spatial-temporal changes of nitrogen and phosphorus non-point source pollution in Hetao Irrigation District based on SWAT[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science( J. Agro-Environ. Sci.),2023,42(11):2550-2559. |
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| Authors: | YI Shaorong FENG Xuejiao WANG Zongwei XIONG Junfeng LIN Chen XIA Yu WU Hanyi |
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| Affiliation: | School of Water Conservancy and Ecological Engineering, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang 330099, China;Key Laboratory of Basin Geography, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;Nanjing Piesat Information Technology Co., Ltd, Nanjing 210012, China;Jiangsu Province Surveying and Mapping Engineering Institute, Nanjing 210013, China; Key Laboratory of Basin Geography, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by Beijing Normal University and Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100875, China;Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China |
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| Abstract: | In the context of the gradual intensification of agricultural activity, effective identification of key pollution sources and regions can mitigate the negative impact of non-point source pollution. Taking Hetao Irrigation District as the research area, a SWAT model was used to estimate the nitrogen and phosphorus load of the irrigation area and to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics and interannual variation in non-point source pollution. The key areas and sources of non-point source pollution were identified. The average annual loads of total nitrogen and total phosphorus, from 2001 to 2020, were 565.23 and 108.93 kg·a-1, respectively. The zone of high pollutant loading was mainly distributed in the middle of the irrigated area, and the low nitrogen loading zone was mainly distributed in the northern part of the irrigated area. In the study period (2001-2020), the nitrogen and phosphorus load from non-point sources showed a trend of first rising and then decreasing in the central region, first decreasing and then increasing in the western region, and decreasing in the eastern and northern regions. Domestic sewage in the irrigated area accounted for the largest contribution of nitrogen and phosphorus, at 44.51%, followed by cropping (28.76%) and animal breeding (26.73%) sources. The relative contribution rate of cropping sources was affected by the change in rainfall; the water quantity gradually decreased from Wulat Front Banner Station in the east to Hangjin Back Banner Station in the west. The contribution rate of planting source was higher in the east than in the west. If pollutant loading is to be reduced, domestic sewage as the greatest source of pollution needs to be strictly controlled. The management focus should be on the the disposal of toilet feces and urine into septic tanks or similar systems in order to convert harmful substances into biogas slurry and other useful inputs for cropping. |
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| Keywords: | SWAT model Hetao irrigation district total nitrogen total phosphorus non-point source pollution pollution source |
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