| 辣椒秸秆生物质炭对喀斯特石灰土有机碳矿化的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 熊佰炼,黄俊,申杰.辣椒秸秆生物质炭对喀斯特石灰土有机碳矿化的影响[J].南方农业学报,2021,52(3):743-752. |
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| 作者姓名： | 熊佰炼 黄俊 申杰 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 遵义师范学院资源与环境学院, 贵州遵义 563006;2. 贵州省黔北土壤资源与环境特色重点实验室, 贵州遵义 563006 |
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| 基金项目： | 贵州省科技厅项目（黔科合平台人才[2017]5727-12号）；贵州省教育厅贵州省黔北土壤资源与环境特色重点实验室项目（黔教合KY字[2017]010号） |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】探索短时间尺度下辣椒秸秆生物质炭添加对喀斯特石灰土地区土壤有机碳（SOC）矿化和SOC库的直接影响，为评估西南喀斯特石灰土地区辣椒秸秆生物质炭还田利用的生态环境效应提供科学依据。【方法】采用广口瓶进行恒温、恒湿密封培养试验，以不添加生物质炭为对照（CK），设置0.1%、0.5%、1.0%、2.0%和4.0%共5个辣椒秸秆生物质炭添加处理，用NaOH溶液吸收法测定63 d培养期内喀斯特石灰土有机质矿化过程释放的CO2，培养结束后测试各形态SOC含量的变化情况。【结果】培养63 d后，0~4.0%添加处理石灰土SOC累积矿化量为473.05±78.60~673.74±102.66 mg C/kg，4.0%添加处理可明显提高累积矿化量。各添加处理SOC矿化过程均可用双库一级动力学模型进行拟合，0.1%~0.5%和1.0%~4.0%添加处理条件下易降解SOC矿化速率常数（ka）分别为0.021±0.001~0.034±0.004/d和0.248±0.021~0.343±0.033/d，对易降解SOC的矿化分别起抑制和促进作用；所有添加处理对难降解SOC矿化起促进作用。1.0%~4.0%添加处理可显著提高易降解SOC库储量（Ca）和土壤微生物量碳（MBC）含量（P<0.05，下同），其值范围分别为238.19±20.72~937.48±71.75 mg/kg和368.22±12.19~449.52±18.91 g/kg。2.0%和4.0%添加处理显著提高土壤易氧化有机碳（ROC）含量，其值分别为2849.97±184.21和3163.92±107.16 mg/kg。生物质炭添加对土壤水溶性有机碳（WSOC）含量无显著影响（P>0.05，下同）。添加辣椒秸秆生物质炭的处理中，MBC与Ca、ka、难降解SOC矿化速率常数（ks）和ROC呈极显著正相关（P<0.01，下同），与难降解SOC库储量（Cs）呈极显著负相关，与WSOC无显著相关性。【结论】辣椒秸秆生物质炭对喀斯特石灰土SOC矿化速率的影响与添加量有关，1.0%~4.0%添加处理可提高矿化速率，同时增加Ca、MBC和ROC含量，但对WSOC含量无影响，4.0%添加处理在63 d培养期内可提高土壤累积矿化量。为减少土壤碳排放，建议辣椒秸秆生物质炭改良西南喀斯特石灰土的添加量应低于4.0%。
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| 关 键 词： | 辣椒秸秆生物质炭 喀斯特 石灰土 有机碳库 有机碳矿化 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-01-25 |
Effects of pepper straw biochar on karst limestone soil organic carbon mineralization |
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| XIONG Bai-lian,HUANG Jun,SHEN Jie.Effects of pepper straw biochar on karst limestone soil organic carbon mineralization[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2021,52(3):743-752. |
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| Authors: | XIONG Bai-lian HUANG Jun SHEN Jie |
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| Affiliation: | 1. College of Resources and Environment, Zunyi Normal University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563006, China;2. Key Laboratory of Soil Resources and Environment in Qianbei of Guizhou Province, Zunyi, Guizhou 563006, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】To explore the direct effect of pepper straw biochar addition on soil organic carbon(SOC) mineralization and organic carbon pool in limestone soil in karst areas on a short-term time scale, and provide a scientific basis for evaluation of the ecological environmental effect of pepper straw biochar returned to cropland in limestone soil in karst areas in southwestern China.【Method】Conducted the sealed incubation experiment in a jar at constant temperature and humidity, no biochar treatment was as control(CK), set 5 levels of pepper straw biochar addition, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0% and 4.0%, measured the CO2 release during mineralization of SOC within the incubation period of 63 d with the method of NaOH solution absorption, and tested the change of SOC of various forms at the end of incubation.【Result】After 63 d of incubation, the cumulative amount of mineralization of SOC in limestone soil with 0-4.0% additives was 473.05±78.60-673.74±102.66 mg C/kg;4.0% addition could increase the cumulative amount of mineralization. At different levels of addition, SOC mineralization could be fitted by the two-compartment first order kinetic model. Under 0.1%-0.5% and 1.0%-4.0% treatments, easily biodegradable SOC mineralization rate constant(k a) was 0.021±0.001-0.034±0.004/d and 0.248±0.021-0.343±0.033/d, the effect on mineralization of easily biodegradable SOC was suppressing and facilitating, respec-tively. All addition levels could promote mineralization of hard-to-degrade SOC. The addition level of 1.0%-4.0% could significantly increase reserves of labile SOC(Ca) and microbial biomass carbon(MBC) content in the soil(P<0.05, the same below), the scope ranges were 238.19±20.72-937.48±71.75 mg/kg and 368.22±12.19-449.52±18.91 g/kg respectively. The addition levels of 2.0% and 4.0% significantly increased the content of readily oxidized carbon(ROC) in soil, the value being 2849.97±184.21 and 3163.92±107.16 mg/kg respectively. Biochar addition had no significant effect on water soluble organic carbon(WSOC) in soil(P>0.05, the same below). According to the process of pepper straw biochar addition, MBC was of extremely significantly positive correlation with Ca, ka, constant of the mineralization rate of recalcitrant SOC(ks) and ROC(P<0.01, the same below), of extremely significantly negative correlation with reserves of recalcitrant SOC(Cs), and no significant correlation to WSOC.【Conclusion】The effect of pepper straw biochar on the mineralization rate of limestone soil in karst areas is related to the level of addition;1.0%-4.0% addition can enhance the SOC mineralization rate while increase Ca and the content of MBC and ROC, but has no effect on WSOC content. The addition level of 4.0% can increase the cumulative emissions of mineralization during the incubation period of 63 d. To reduce soil carbon emissions, it is recommend the level of pepper straw biochar addition should be lower than 4.0% in improving limestone soil in karst areas in southwestern China. |
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