| 草地贪夜蛾在贵州省黔西南州的发生情况及对不同环境的适应性 |
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| 引用本文： | 李定银,郭晓关,谈孝凤,黄国全,周丹,郅军锐,李思梅,李定超,王显贵,徐元柳.草地贪夜蛾在贵州省黔西南州的发生情况及对不同环境的适应性[J].南方农业学报,2021,52(3):611-618. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李定银 郭晓关 谈孝凤 黄国全 周丹 郅军锐 李思梅 李定超 王显贵 徐元柳 |
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| 作者单位： | 贵州大学昆虫研究所,贵阳 550025;贵州省植保植检站,贵阳 550001;贵州省望谟县植保植检站,贵州望谟552300;黔西南州植保植检站,贵州兴义 562400;安龙县植保植检站,贵州安龙 552400;兴仁市农业农村局,贵州兴仁 562300;兴义市植保植检站,贵州兴义 562400 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（2019YFD0300100） |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】明确草地贪夜蛾在贵州省黔西南州的发生和越冬情况，以及越冬幼虫对不同温度环境的适应性，为贵州省草地贪夜蛾的预测预报和综合防控提供参考依据。【方法】选择贵州省黔西南州年均温较高的望谟县、兴仁市、兴义市、安龙县、册亨县和贞丰县为目标调查点，采用灯诱、性诱、田间调查等方法于2019年冬季和2020年春季调查草地贪夜蛾的越冬寄主及越冬虫态，统计虫源数量和百株虫量。将冬季采自望谟县的草地贪夜蛾幼虫以玉米叶分别饲养于室内、室外和人工气候箱，观察草地贪夜蛾冬季幼虫在3种环境条件下的存活率和化蛹率。【结果】性诱捕器和高空测报灯分别于2020年1月13日和2020年3月18日首次在望谟县诱集到成虫，之后在兴义市、兴仁市和安龙县也有发现，虫情测报灯未诱集到草地贪夜蛾。田间调查2019年冬季仅在望谟县桑郎镇发现草地贪夜蛾幼虫，虫龄以3~6龄为主，寄主为散落的再生玉米苗，首次调查百株虫量为34.67头，未发现成虫和卵；2020年春季最早仍在望谟县桑郎镇发现草地贪夜蛾幼虫，虫龄以1~3龄为主，寄主为栽种玉米苗，百株虫量最高为28.00头，且在该地土壤中发现草地贪夜蛾蛹1头，2020年晚春在兴仁市马马崖镇九盘村亦发现1龄幼虫，百株虫量最高达30.00头。草地贪夜蛾越冬幼虫在不同环境条件下饲养第1~2周后的存活率均表现为室内 > 室外 > 气候箱，第3周后的化蛹率则是室内饲养的最高，室外最低。【结论】草地贪夜蛾在贵州省黔西南州能终年繁殖，但冬季虫源基数较少，不足以成为本地春季草地贪夜蛾暴发的主要虫源。草地贪夜蛾越冬幼虫更适应偏冷的环境，对突变的温暖环境和较低温度环境均不适应。
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| 关 键 词： | 草地贪夜蛾 冬春调查 存活率 化蛹率 黔西南州 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-08-29 |
Occurence of Spodoptera frugiperda(J. E. Smith) and adaptability of its larvae to different environments in Southwest Guizhou Autonomous Prefecture,Guizhou Province |
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| LI Ding-yin,GUO Xiao-guan,TAN Xiao-feng,HUANG Guo-quan,ZHOU Dan,ZHI Jun-rui,LI Si-mei,LI Ding-chao,WANG Xian-gui,XU Yuan-liu.Occurence of Spodoptera frugiperda(J. E. Smith) and adaptability of its larvae to different environments in Southwest Guizhou Autonomous Prefecture,Guizhou Province[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2021,52(3):611-618. |
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| Authors: | LI Ding-yin GUO Xiao-guan TAN Xiao-feng HUANG Guo-quan ZHOU Dan ZHI Jun-rui LI Si-mei LI Ding-chao WANG Xian-gui XU Yuan-liu |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】In order to provide scientific reference for the forecast and integrated control of Spodoptera frugiperda(J. E. Smith) in Southwest Guizhou Autonomous Prefecture by investigating the occurrence and overwintering of S. frugiperda, and test the adaptability of overwintering larvae to different temperature environments.【Method】Cities or counties with high average annual temperature in Southwest Guizhou Autonomous Prefecture were selected as the survey sites, including Wangmo, Xingren, Xingyi, Anlong, Ceheng and Zhenfeng. Searchlight-trap, forecast lamp, sex pheromone trap and field investigation were used to survey the overwintering host and insect stage of S. frugiperda in the winter of 2019 and spring of 2020, and insect number and the mount of insect per 100 plants were counted. The survival rate and pupation rate of S. frugiperda larvae which collected from field were investigated by raising them in indoor, outdoor and artificial climate chest in Wangmo.【Result】In the winter of 2019, only the 3rd-6th instars were found on regenerated corn in Sanglang, Wangmo, and the number of larvae were 34.67 per 100 plants. In the spring of 2020, the 1st-3rd instars were first found in Sanglang, Wangmo, the host was corn seedling and the highest number of larvae was 28.00 per 100 plants. The 1st instar larvae were found in Mamaya, Xingren, and the number of larvae per 100 plants reached 30.00. During the field investigation, only one pupa was found in the soil and no adults and eggs. In addition, sex pheromone trap and searchlight-trap first captured the adults of S. frugiperda in Wangmo on January 13, 2020 and March 18, 2020 respectively. Later S. frugiperda were also found in Xingyi, Xingren and Anlong, but the forecast lamp did not capture in anytime. The survival rate of S. frugiperda was indoor > outside > artificial climate chest within two weeks of feeding. The pupation rate was the highest indoors and was the lowest outdoors in the third week.【Conclusion】The results indicate that S. frugiperda can reproduce annually in Southwest Guizhou Autonomous Prefecture, but insect source base number is small in winter, which is unable to become the main insect source of outbreak next year. Moreover, the overwintering larvae of S. frugiperda are more adapted to the cold environment, but not to the mutant warm or the lower temperature. |
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