| 密度与行距配置对向日葵冠层结构及光合特性的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 凌一波,冯云格,王斌杰,张凯,陈年来.密度与行距配置对向日葵冠层结构及光合特性的影响[J].作物杂志,2022,38(3):155-118. |
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| 作者姓名： | 凌一波 冯云格 王斌杰 张凯 陈年来 |
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| 作者单位： | 1新疆维吾尔自治区农村能源工作站,830049,新疆乌鲁木齐2河北地质大学教务处,050031,河北石家庄3甘肃省林业科学研究院,730020,甘肃兰州4喀什大学生命与地理科学学院,844006,新疆喀什5甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院,730070,甘肃兰州 |
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| 基金项目： | 甘肃省水利科技项目(GS31340020) |
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| 摘 要： | 以食葵中熟品种LD5009为材料,在石羊河中游绿洲设3个种植密度（D1：39 990株/hm2,D2：49 990株/hm2,D3：66 660株/hm2）和3个行距（R1：0.7m,R2：0.6m,R3：0.5m）,研究不同密度与行距配置对向日葵盛花期冠层结构、光合特性以及产量构成的调控作用。结果表明,D3R2处理下茎粗降低至2.50cm,株高和冠层下部叶向值分别增加至187cm和50.50。高密度能显著增大冠层中部叶面积指数（LAI）,而中等密度有助于平衡冠层中、下部光环境,保证冠层底部较高的LAI,D2R2处理下LAI可达5.20,其中冠层下部为1.97。叶绿素含量、净光合速率（Pn）和蒸腾速率（Tr）均随密度的增加而降低,且差异集中体现在冠层下部,D3R2处理冠层下部叶绿素含量、Pn和Tr分别降至1.09mg/g、-1.87μmol/(m2·s)和1.33mmol/(m2·s)。产量、盘粒数、千粒重与株高、冠层中、下部叶向值、冠层中、下部LAI呈负相关,与茎粗、冠层中及下部透光率、冠层下部叶绿素含量、Pn和Tr呈正相关。本试验条件下,种植密度为49 990株/hm2且0.6m行距配置可确保适宜的冠层结构与光合特性,为高产提供保障。
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| 关 键 词： | 向日葵 密度 行距 冠层结构 光合特性 产量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-03-29 |
Effects of Density and Row Spacing on Canopy Structure and Photosynthetic Characteristics in Sunflower |
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| Ling Yibo,Feng Yunge,Wang Binjie,Zhang Kai,Chen Nianlai.Effects of Density and Row Spacing on Canopy Structure and Photosynthetic Characteristics in Sunflower[J].Crops,2022,38(3):155-118. |
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| Authors: | Ling Yibo Feng Yunge Wang Binjie Zhang Kai Chen Nianlai |
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| Abstract: | The experiment was designed using three densities and the variety LD5009 found in the middle reaches of Shiyanghe oasis. The effects of sunflower density and row spacing on canopy structure and photosynthetic properties at full flowering stage and yield were investigated at 39 990 plants/ha (D1), 49 990 plants/ha (D2), 66 660 plants/ha (D3) and three row spacings of 70cm (R1), 60cm (R2), 50cm (R3). The results showed that as planting density grew, the stem diameter of 66 660 plants/ha at 60cm row spacing reduced to 2.50m, and plant height and leaf orientation value of the lower canopy increased to 187.00cm and 50.5 respectively. The leaf area index (LAI) in the middle of the canopy was significantly increased with the increased of the density, while the light environment in the middle and bottom of canopy was optimized on the middle density, and the LAI in the bottom of canopy could be maintained at a high level. LAI could reach 5.20 under D2R2, among which the bottom canopy was 1.97. The chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and transpiration rate (Tr) of D3R2 were reduced to 1.09mg/g, -1.87μmol/(m2·s) and 1.33mmol/(m2·s), and it decreased with the increase of density. Yield, seeds number per disk and 1000-seed weight was negative correlated with plant height, the leaf orientation value and LAI in the bottom of canopy, while positively correlated with stem diameter, Pn, Tr, light transmittance in middle and lower canpony and chlorophyll content in the bottom of canopy. The configurations of 49 990 plants/ha and row spacing of 60cm was suitable for canopy structure and photosynthetic characteristic, and could obtain high yield. |
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| Keywords: | Sunflower Density Row spacing Canopy structure Photosynthetic characteristics Yield |
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