| 我国橡胶园林下种养模式发展现状与前景 |
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| 引用本文： | 张华林,李文秀,贺军军,罗萍.我国橡胶园林下种养模式发展现状与前景[J].热带生物学报,2022,13(1):88-94. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张华林 李文秀 贺军军 罗萍 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国热带农业科学院 湛江实验站/广东省旱作节水农业工程技术中心，广东 湛江 524013 |
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| 基金项目： | 省乡村振兴战略专项资金项目;国家天然橡胶产业技术体系项目;广东省省级农村科技特派员项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 我国橡胶园（简称“胶园”）林下经济产业逐渐成为近几年发展的热门，多种胶园林下间种和养殖模式取得了一定的效果，但由于目前林下经济主要以林下种植为主，种植获得的原材料经济效益不高，农产品加工方面还远远跟不上需求，导致胶园林下经济产业效益不佳，林下经济相关模式难于推广。林下种养虽然可以获得较好的经济效益，但是存在风险大、技术要求高等问题。随着畜禽养殖中抗生素的使用被逐渐摒弃，中草药作为饲料或其提取物逐渐替代了抗生素。发展胶园林下生态循环种养模式，既可以充分利用林下空间，又能获得好的畜禽肉质，提高经济效益，市场前景广阔。笔者总结了目前我国胶园林下种植、养殖模式发展现状、存在问题等，并对胶园林下经济发展前景进行了分析，旨在为我国胶园林下经济发展提供参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 胶园林下经济 发展现状 存在问题 对策建议 生态循环种养 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-06-10 |
Development situation and prospect of rubber-based farming models in China |
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| ZHANG Hualin,LI Wenxiu,HE Junjun,LUO Ping.Development situation and prospect of rubber-based farming models in China[J].Journal of Tropical Biology,2022,13(1):88-94. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Hualin LI Wenxiu HE Junjun LUO Ping |
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| Affiliation: | Zhanjiang Experiment Station, CATAS/Guangdong Dryland Water-saving Agricultural Engineering and Technology Research Center, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524013, China |
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| Abstract: | Due to the continuous downturn of China's natural rubber industry, the economy under rubber plantations has gradually become a hot topic in recent years. A variety of rubber-based farming models integrating farming of other crops and animals under rubber plantations have been found to achieve some good results. However, at present, the rubber-based farming in China is mainly focused on cultivation of other crops under rubber plantations. The economic benefits derived from the crops cultivated under rubber plantations are not high, and these crops cultivated are far from the demand for processing, resulting in poor economic benefits from these crops in their whole industries and difficulty in promoting the crop cultivation models under the rubber plantations. Although rubber-based farming models under rubber plantations can obtain better economic benefits, there exist some problems such as high risk and high technical requirements. With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the use of antibiotics in livestock and poultry farming has been gradually abandoned, and Chinese herbal medicine in the form of feed additive or extract has been a good choice to gradually replace the antibiotics used in the animal farming. The development of eco-circular rubber-based farming models can not only make full use of the land space under the rubber plantations, but also obtain high quality of livestock and poultry meat, which improve economic benefits and have a broad market prospect. A review is made of the development status and existing problems of rubber-based farming models in China, based on which eco-circular rubber-based farming models are proposed. Moreover the economic development prospect for rubber-based framing under rubber plantations is analyzed in order to provide reference for the economic development under rubber plantations in China. |
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