| 中国黑土区耕地利用效益评价及问题诊断——基于粮食安全与黑土保护双重背景 |
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| 引用本文： | 郑皓洋,李婷婷,黄颖利.中国黑土区耕地利用效益评价及问题诊断——基于粮食安全与黑土保护双重背景[J].中国农业大学学报,2023,28(11):29-41. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郑皓洋 李婷婷 黄颖利 |
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| 作者单位： | 东北林业大学 经济管理学院, 哈尔滨 150040;中国社会科学院 农村发展研究所, 北京 100732 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家社会科学基金项目(22CGL064)；黑龙江省哲学社会科学研究规划项目(21JLB084)；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金D类项目(2572020DZ09,2572020DR06) |
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| 摘 要： | 为分析黑土区耕地利用效益现状并诊断效益提升过程中所面临的问题，基于2000—2020年中国黑土区耕地利用过程中的农业农村生产生活数据，从经济、社会和生态角度构建黑土区耕地利用效益评价指标体系，采用熵权TOPSIS模型测算耕地利用效益，并运用问题诊断模型识别效益提升中的问题，比较分析所涉各省(自治区)耕地利用综合效益及问题空间分异特征。结果表明:1)2000—2020年，黑土区耕地利用的经济、社会和生态效益以及综合效益呈现明显的整体上升态势，其中综合效益呈现“前期低速发展，中前期快速提升，中后期缓慢增长，后期波动提高”的变化趋势；2)社会效益是目前制约黑土区耕地利用效益提升的主要因素。截止到2020年，人均粮食产量、单位面积耕地产值以及人均耕地面积是限制黑土区耕地利用效益提高的主要影响因子；3)从省域角度来看，2000—2020年各省(自治区)耕地利用的综合效益不断提高。综上，目前制约黑龙江省耕地利用效益提高的是经济和社会子系统，而吉林省应注意缓解对生态子系统的压力，辽宁省经济和生态效益问题较显著，内蒙古自治区应关注社会和生态效益。本研究可为黑土地资源的可持续利用提供科学依据和政策启示。
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| 关 键 词： | 黑土区 耕地利用效益 问题诊断 空间分异特征 |
| 收稿时间： | 2023/3/13 0:00:00 |
Evaluation of cultivated land utilization benefit and diagnosis of problem in black soil area of China: Based on the dual background of food security and black soil conservation |
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| ZHENG Haoyang,LI Tingting,HUANG Yingli.Evaluation of cultivated land utilization benefit and diagnosis of problem in black soil area of China: Based on the dual background of food security and black soil conservation[J].Journal of China Agricultural University,2023,28(11):29-41. |
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| Authors: | ZHENG Haoyang LI Tingting HUANG Yingli |
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| Affiliation: | School of Economics and Management, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;Institute of Rural Development, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 100732, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to analyze the current situation of cultivated land use efficiency in black soil areas and diagnose the problems faced in the process of efficiency improvement, this study constructs an evaluation index system of cultivated land use efficiency in black soil areas from the economic, social and ecological perspectives based on the agricultural and rural production and life data of cultivated land use in black soil areas in China from 2000 to 2020. The cultivated land use efficiency is determined using the entropy-weighted TOPSIS model, and the problems in efficiency improvement are identified using a problem diagnosis model. The results show that: 1)From 2000 to 2020, the economic, social and ecological benefits as well as the comprehensive benefits of cultivated land use in the black soil area show an obvious increasing trend. The comprehensive benefits displays a trend of low development in the early stage rapid increase in the middle and early stage, slow growth in the middle and late stage, and fluctuation in the late stage; 2)The social benefits are the main factor that restricts the improvement of the benefits of cultivated land use in black soil areas. By 2020, the per capita grain yield, output value of cultivated land per unit area, and cultivated land area per capita are the main influencing factors limiting the improvement of cultivated land utilization efficiency in the Black Earth region; 3)From the provincial perspective, the comprehensive efficiency of cultivated land utilization in each province(autonomous region)has been improving from 2000 to 2020. In conclusion, the economic and social subsystems are the constraints to improve the effectiveness of cultivated land use in Heilongjiang Province currently, while Jilin Province should pay attention to alleviate the pressure on the ecological subsystem. Liaoning Province has more significant problems with economic and ecological benefits, and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region should pay attention to social and ecological benefits. This study can provide scientific basis and policy inspiration for the sustainable utilization of black land resources. |
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| Keywords: | black soil area cultivated land utilization benefits problem diagnosis spatial differentiation characteristics |
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