| 白岗栓,杜社妮,李志熙.白于山山区大扁杏生产中的问题分析[J].干旱地区农业研究,2007,(4):56~61 |
| 白于山山区大扁杏生产中的问题分析 |
| Analysis of certain problems in Prunus armeniaca×P. sibirica production in Baiyushan hilly area |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2007.04.11 |
| 中文关键词: 大扁杏 品种 霜冻 园址 结果部位 结果枝 |
| 英文关键词:P. armeniaca×P. sibirica frost variety orchard site fruit -setting position fruiting branch |
| 基金项目:中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所领域前沿项目（SW05103）；国家“十一五”科技攻关项目（2006BAD09B07）；中国科学院知识创新工程项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 陕北白于山山区以大扁杏为主开展了仁用杏基地建设，但大扁杏开花不结果，经济效益差。通过多年的调查和监测认为该区大扁杏生产中存在的主要问题是花期、幼果期霜冻频繁且强度较重，易冻花冻果；选择的主栽品种为龙王帽，树体生长量小，开花早且花期短，不抗霜冻；大多数杏园建立在南坡坡地上，培育的树形以开心形为主，树体的结果部位较低，选留的结果枝为花束状果枝和短果枝，开花早、花期短且集中，不易躲避霜冻等。建议该区积极选育开花晚、抗霜冻的大扁杏品种，加强栽培管理，同时建立以山杏为主的仁用杏生产基地。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Baiyushan hilly area of northern Shaanxi was a large base of almond-apricot that is dominated by Prunus armeniaca×P. sibirica, but P. armeniaca.×P.sibirica trees in this region only blossom without fruit, having no output value. Investigation and observation have been taken for many years and the causes of the problem have been unveiled. It has been found out that P. armeniaca×P. sibirica florescence and setting fruit phase encountered strong and frequent frost, which could easily hurt the flower and young fruit. At the same time, Longwangmao, the dominating variety, grew slowly and its florescence was shorter and earlier than other varieties, and resisted frost weakly. Most P. armeniaca×P. sibirica orchards were built in southern slope land, where the fruit trees' florescence was shorter and earlier than in other slope land, very easy to encounter frost. Most trees were trained as open center shape, fruit-setting positions were relatively low，and most fruiting branches were spur fruiting and short fruiting ones, so the florescence was shorter, earlier and more centralized, making it different to avoid the frost. Some suggestions are put forward in order to resolve these problems, including selecting and breeding new varieties with late florescence and anti-frost, strengthening cultivation management. At the same time, a larger base of almond-apricot dominated by P.armeniaca var. ansu should be established. |
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