| 黑水河下游前鳍高原鳅的繁殖特征 |
| Reproductive Characteristics of Triplophysa anterodorsalis in the Lower Heishui River |
| 投稿时间：2020-11-30 修订日期：2022-07-12 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202011300332 |
| 中文关键词:前鳍高原鳅 性成熟系数 繁殖力 产卵集群 黑水河 |
| 英文关键词:Triplophysa anterodorsalis gonadosomatic index fecundity spawning aggregation Heishui River |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划（2019YFC0408904）；国家自然科学基金（51379134）；中国三峡建设管理有限公司技术服务项目（合同号：JG/10917B） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了解长江上游特有鱼类前鳍高原鳅(Triplophysa anterodorsalis)的繁殖特征，于2014年1-12月在金沙江一级支流黑水河下游江段进行了逐月采样，并采用数理统计学方法对其性腺发育与性成熟系数的周年变化、繁殖群体组成、卵径分布、繁殖力、产卵水温和繁殖集群等进行了研究。结果显示，前鳍高原鳅的性成熟个体在1-2月以及9-12月出现，其雌、雄个体的性成熟系数平均值均在12月达到最大值；50%雌、雄个体达到性成熟的全长分别为72 mm、78 mm，繁殖季节雌雄性比为0.98:1，平均卵径为0.64 mm，卵径分布呈单峰型；绝对繁殖力为1 428~6 356粒，均值为3 834粒；相对繁殖力为250~938粒/g，均值为535粒/g；全长、体重与绝对繁殖力呈二次项函数正相关；繁殖季节水温为9.3~20.6℃，均值为14.1℃；前鳍高原鳅有明显的产卵集群现象。研究结果可为前鳍高原鳅资源保护及其全人工繁殖技术提供基础数据支撑。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Triplophysa anterodorsalis is a small fish species endemic to the upper Yangtze River and prefers flowing water with a gravel substrate. Fragmentation of flowing stream sections in the Jinsha River has resulted in a sharp decline of the T. anterodorsalis population. In this study, we described the reproductive characteristics of T. anterodorsalis using statistical methods, focusing on the monthly changes of gonad development and the sexual maturity coefficient, reproductive population composition, egg diameter distribution, fecundity, water temperature of spawning season and reproductive aggregation. From January to December of 2014, monthly sampling of T. anterodorsalis were performed in the lower reaches of Heishui River. The total length, body length and body weight of each sample were measured, the gender and the development stage of the gonad were identified and the eggs of fish with ovary in stage IV were counted. Results show that the sexual maturity of T. anterodorsalis individuals occurs from September to the following February, with the maximum average values of gonadosomatic indices for female and male in December. The total length among which 50% of the individuals reaching sexual maturity was 72 mm for female and 78 mm for male. The sex ratio of female to male in spawning season was 0.98:1. The average egg diameter was 0.64 mm, and the egg diameter distribution displayed a single peak. The absolute fecundity of T. anterodorsalis ranged from 1 428 to 6 356 eggs, with the average value of 3 834 eggs, while the relative fecundity varied from 250 to 938 eggs per gram, with an average value of 535 eggs per gram. The absolute fecundity (AF) of T. anterodorsalis increased with total length (TL) and body weight (BW), and the relationships were fitted to quadratic functions: AF=1.27TL2-144.24TL+6 273 (R2=0.510), AF=-2.8731BW2+374.45BW+1 236.50 (R2=0.450). The range of water temperature in spawning season was 9.3-20.6℃, with an average value of 14.1℃. Our research suggests that T. anterodorsalis displays obvious spawning aggregation. This study provides basic data for resource protection and artificial propagation of T. anterodorsalis. |
| 杨 志,朱其广,徐 薇,龚 云,金 瑶,陈小娟,刘 红,唐会元.2022.黑水河下游前鳍高原鳅的繁殖特征[J].水生态学杂志,43(4):119-126. |
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