| 天荒坪抽水蓄能电站水位变化对水体营养状态的影响 |
| Effect of Water Level Fluctuation on Eutrophication in Tianhuangping Pumped Storage Reservoir |
| 投稿时间：2015-12-23 修订日期：2016-11-21 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2016.06.010 |
| 中文关键词:抽水蓄能电站 营养状态 水位变化 天荒坪 |
| 英文关键词:pumped storage station eutrophication water level change Tianhuangping |
| 基金项目:三峡水库浮游植物生境演变机制及水华预测预报计划研究项目（2014CB460600）；科技部2014年国际科技合作与交流专项－河道型水库水华机理及防控技术合作研究（2014DFE70070）；三峡大学学校资助项目－抽水蓄能电站水库水质富营养化现状及形成机制研究(2015CX012). |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了研究抽水蓄能电站水位波动、营养物质时空分布以及浮游植物分布特性，探讨水体营养状态及其成因，为后期控制水体富营养化提供指导。2014－2015年在浙江天荒坪抽水蓄能电站的上水库（S1）和下水库（S3-S4）设置4个采样点，获取相关的监测点数据，分析了水库水位、水体稳定性、营养盐以及叶绿素a的分布规律，讨论了水库水位剧烈波动对水体稳定、营养盐以及叶绿素a浓度的影响。结果表明：（1）天荒坪抽水蓄能电站水库水体稳定性较小，各监测点浮点频率均在0.2×10-4 s-2以下。总氮、溶解性硅酸盐浓度较高，总氮波动范围在1.8~2.8 mg/L，已达到Ⅴ类水标准；硅酸盐浓度为3.30~8.00 mg/L；叶绿素a浓度较低，为1.60~6.24 μg/L。(2)抽水蓄能电站水库水位频繁波动致使水体垂向掺混加强，混合层增大，水体在上、下库内滞留时间减短；游植物生长受到抑制，降低了水体中叶绿素a浓度。大幅度水体交换、冲洗造成营养物质在一定程度上被稀释。（3）天荒坪抽水蓄能电站水库处于中营养状态，各监测点富营养化指数在30~40。总氮对水体富营养化贡献最大，基准指标叶绿素a贡献反而较小。抽水蓄能电站频繁水位波动稀释了水体中的营养物质，并限制了浮游植物的生长，减轻了水库的富营养化程度。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Pumped storage technology has been well developed in China since the sixties, but the water environment of pumped storage reservoirs has drawn little attention. Here, we present a case study on the relationship of water level fluctuation to spatial and temporal distribution of nutrients and phytoplankton in the Tianhuangping pumped storage reservoir. The goals were to assess the trophic state and causative factors in the pumped storage reservoirs and provide theoretical guidance for water quality management. Tianhuangping pumped storage station is located in Anji County, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province. Under normal operation, there are three patterns of water regulation at Tianhuangping: (1) water storage in the upper reservoir at night with rising water levels and power generation during the day with falling water levels; (2) no water storage at night and power generation during the day; (3) no water level fluctuation between the upper and lower reservoirs. Water monitoring was carried out at four sampling sites in the Tianhuangping reservoirs (S1 in the upper reservoir and S2-S4 in the lower reservoir) on four dates; September 28 (pattern 1 water regulation), October 9 (pattern 3) and November 9 (pattern 2) of 2014, January 27 (Pattern 1) and April 23 (Pattern 1) of 2015. Parameters measured included diel water level fluctuation in the upper and lower reservoirs, water stability, CODMn, Secchi depth, nutrients (TN, TP), and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a). The influence of reservoir water level fluctuation on water stability, nutrients and Chl-a was analyzed. Results show the following: (1) Water stability in the Tianhuangping reservoirs is low, with the floating point frequency at all sampling stations < 0.2 × 10-4 s-2. The concentrations of TN and D-Si were high; TN concentrations ranged from 1.8 to 2.8 mg/L, meeting only the Class V water standard, and D-Si concentrations ranged from 3.30 to 8.00 mg/L. Chl-a concentration was low, ranging from 1.6 to 6.24 μg/L. (2) Frequent fluctuation of the water level strengthens vertical mixing, increases the mixed water layer depth and shortens water residence time. Intensive water exchange and flushing dilute nutrient concentrations, limiting the growth of phytoplankton and reducing Chl-a. (3) The water in Tianhuangping reservoirs is mesotrophic, with the eutrophication index ranging from 30 to 40 at all sampling stations. TN has the greatest influence on eutrophication with a smaller contribution from Chl-a. Frequent fluctuation of the reservoir water level flushes the nutrients, inhibits phytoplankton growth, and reduces the degree of eutrophication in the reservoirs. |
| 俞焰,杨正健,刘德富,张佳磊,贡丹丹.2016.天荒坪抽水蓄能电站水位变化对水体营养状态的影响[J].水生态学杂志,37(6):68-75. |
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