随着分子生物学的发展，有关品种高效基因型的研究也逐步展开，在有些方面还进行了更深层次如基因表达、分子标记、QTL定位等的遗传学研究，营养元素高效利用的机制也是研究热点之一。一直以来，玉米营养元素的高效利用大多集中在氮素的利用方面，如氮效率及氮吸收利用机制等等。近些年，在磷、钾等元素的高效利用上也有所涉及。本文对营养元素利用的研究现状、高效利用型品种、生理机制及其遗传机制等相关研究进展进行了综述。

With the development of molecular genetics， gene expresstion， molecular marker as well as QTL location were paid more attentions to genetics field and the mechanism of high efficient utilization was to be one research highlight. All the time， the utilization of Nitrogen was focused on. But the researches of phosphorus and potassium were involved in resent years. The research advances about above in this area were reviewed.

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