针对辽宁省中西部地区春旱频繁及土壤风蚀严重的特点，采用1∶2轮耕、1∶1轮耕、铁茬垄侧播种、铁茬茬间播种、铁茬茬间播种覆盖、保墒蓄水耕作及灭茬后原垄播种(对照)等耕作措施，研究其对玉米苗期土壤水热状况及玉米幼苗生长发育的影响。结果表明：各种耕作措施的土壤含水量均高于对照，其中铁茬茬间播种覆盖更加明显；不同耕作措施下耕层土壤温度从整体上表现为留茬覆盖<留茬<灭茬；1∶2轮耕的幼苗干物重最大；铁茬茬间播种处理的幼苗性状明显优于其它耕作措施。

The characters of Liaoning province middle and western areas are that spring occurs drought frequently and soil wind erosion is serious. According to the characters, 7 tillage managements were designed to study the effect of different tillage managements on soil water content and temperature and seedlings development at maize seedling stage. The results showed that soil water contents of different tillage managements were all higher than CK, among of which ridge sowing between stubbles and mulch is more significant. Soil temperature of different tillage managements on every layer in the whole is stubble mulch < stubble < stubble breaking. Seedlings dry weight of 1∶2 rotation is the largest. Seedling characters of ridge sowing between stubbles is obviously superior to that of other treatments.

国家科技部资助项目(2004BA520A-11)