Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2013, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (12): 2430-2439.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.12.004

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY·AGRICULTURE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Canopy Structure and Photosynthetic Characteristics of High Yield and High Nitrogen Efficiency Summer Maize

 JIN  Li-Bin, ZHANG  Ji-Wang, LI  Bo, CUI  Hai-Yan, DONG  Shu-Ting, LIU  Peng, ZHAO  Bin   

  1. Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Taian 271018, Shandong
  • Received:2012-09-28 Online:2013-06-15 Published:2012-12-24

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Abstract: 【Objective】Canopy structure and characteristics of high yield and high nitrogen efficiency summer maize were studied to discuss the physiological mechanism of achieving high yield and high nitrogen efficiency, which will provide a theoretical basis for high yield and high nitrogen efficiency cultivation of summer maize.【Method】Integrated management experiment (MT) and nitrogen treatments (NT) were designed to achieve high yield and high nitrogen efficiency and then reveal canopy structure and photosynthetic characteristics of summer maize by optimizing integrated agricultural management, such as sowing date, sowing methods, planting density, fertilizers applied date and levels, and so on.【Result】In NT, grain yield and light transmission of ear layer and ground floor achieved maximum at 184.5 kgN•hm-2 while the leaves area index (LAI) high value duration was long. Beyond this level, light transmission and net photosynthetic rate of ear layer decreased actually. In MT, the leaf area index (LAI) of further optimized combination of cropping systems and fertilizer treatment (Opt-2) always remained above 4.4 from twelve-leaf stage (V12) to six weeks after tasseling stage (6WAT) and its decrease speed was low in latter growing period; its light transmission of ear layer and ground floor, the internode length above ear, the uniformity of plant character was high, achieving grain yield of 10.91 t?hm-2 and nitrogen use efficiency of 54.97 kg?kg-1.【Conclusion】Grain yield did not increase as nitrogen fertilizer application increasing without limit and light transmission decreased when nitrogen fertilization was large. With an integration of agronomic measures and fertilizers management, the LAI high value duration of Opt-2 was longer. light transmittance of ear layer, the uniformity of plant character, the net photosynthetic rate, grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency were high. Consequently, Opt-2 achieved both higher yields and higher nitrogen use efficiency.

Key words: summer maize , agronomic management , nitrogen fertilizer management , canopy structure , grain yield , nitrogen use efficiency

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