Abstract: For different silvicultural measures, the tracheid shape properties of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica were measured and analyzed to investigate the influence of silviculture on tracheid shape properties of wood. The results showed that the effect of silvicultural measures on many tracheid shape properties of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica were remarkable. It indicated that the planting density had significant effects on the tracheid length and tracheid diameter, that thinning and hillslope position had marked effects on the tracheid diameter, and that exposure had significant effects on the tracheid length, tracheid diameter and tracheid length-width ratio.The silvicultural measures of 1.5 m×1.0 m density,small thinning,south slope,downslope were better for the Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation.