鲁东南杨树人工林根际微生物数量时空动态

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-2665

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了探讨杨树人工林根际微生物对环境变化的响应，对鲁东南杨树人工林根际微生物数量时空变化、根际效应及其与土壤养分的相关性进行了研究。结果表明：根际细菌、真菌、放线菌数量和微生物总数均呈“增—减—增—减”的季节变化模式，即春秋高，夏冬低。根际微生物数量以细菌最多，放线菌次之，真菌最少。细菌、放线菌数量和微生物总数随林龄的增加而增加，真菌数量随林龄的增加而减少。除0~10 cm外，根际微生物数量的垂直分布总体上表现为随土层加深而逐渐减少。杨树人工林细菌、真菌、放线菌数量和微生物总数存在明显的根际效应，根际效应均呈显著的单峰季节变化，8月达到峰值。根际细菌、真菌、放线菌和微生物总数与根际土壤水解N、速效P均呈正相关，与土壤有机质呈反相关关系。

关键词: 信息熵, 信息熵, 熵权, 综合评价, 棉花, 品种区域试验

Abstract: To explore how rhizosphere microbes responded to environmental change in Populus tremula plantations in southeast Shandong Province. Seasonal dynamics and vertical distribution of rhizosphere microbe number and rhizosphere effect were investigated and compared it to the bulk soil by using plate count and conventional chemical methods, respectively. Additionally, the correlation between rhizosphere microorganism number and soil available nutrients were also studied. The results obtained were as follows: the seasonal dynamic patterns of bacteria, fungi, actinomycete and total microorganism were increase-decrease- increase-decrease, that was spring and autumn were higher than summer and winter. Bacteria, fungi, actinomycete and total microorganism reached the highest value in the middle of April, and the second peak appeared in October and minimum value occurred in December. The number of rhizosphere microbe was shown as bacteria＞actinomycetes＞fungi. The number of bacteria, actinomycetes and total microbe in rhizosphere increased with age, but the number of fungi decreased. In general, vertical distributions of bacteria, fungi, actinomycete and total microorganism reduced as the soil depth increased, except 0-10 cm. The rhizosphere effect (R/S) of bacteria, fungi, actinomycete and total microorganism was distinct. Furthermore, the rhizosphere effect showed unimodal peak with maximum value in August. The correlation between number of rhizosphere bacteria, fungi, actinomycete, total microorganism and soil hydrolyzable nitrogen, soil rapid available phosphorus were positive, respectively, and the correlation between number of rhizosphere microbes and soil organic matter were negative.

尉海东董彬. 鲁东南杨树人工林根际微生物数量时空动态[J]. 中国农学通报, 2014, 30(10): 1-8.

参考文献

[1] Ryan P R, Delhaize E. Function and mechanism of organic anion exudation from plant roots[J].Annual Review of Plant Physiology Molecular Biology,2001,52:527-560.
[2] 王延平,王华田,谭秀梅,等.杨树人工林品种更替连作与非更替连作根际效应的比较[J].生态学报,2010,30(5):1379-1389.
[3] Koranda M, Schnecker J , Kaiser C, et al. Microbial processes and community composition in the rhizosphere of European beech-The influence of plant C exudates[J].Soil Biology & Biochemistry,2011, 43(3):551-558.
[4] Devi T R, Chhetry Gkn. Rhizosphere and non- rhizosphere microbial population dynamics and their effect on wilt causing pathogen of pigeonpea[J].International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications,2012,2(5):1-4.
[5] Sun H M, Yan L X, Mu C S. Rhizosphere microbial dynamics of Leymus chinensis and its correlation with aboveground biomass and soil environment[J].African Journal of Microbiology Research, 2012,6(16):3814-3820.
[6] Paradi I, Baar J. Mycorrhizal fungal diversity in willow forests of different age along the river Waal, The Netherlands[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2006,237(1/3):366-372.
[7] 张海涵,唐明,陈辉.黄土高原典型林木根际土壤微生物群落结构与功能特征及其环境指示意义[J].环境科学,2009,30(8):2432- 2437.
[8] 韩艳洁,张秋.内蒙古大青山几种乔木根际微生物数量和根际效应[J].内蒙古农业大学学报,2010,31(2):53-59.
[9] 章家恩,刘文高,王伟胜.南亚热带不同植被根际微生物数量与根际土壤养分状况[J].土壤与环境,2002,11(3):279-282.
[10] 于洋,王海燕,丁国栋,等.华北落叶松人工林土壤微生物数量特征及其与土壤性质的关系[J].东北林业大学学报,2011,39(3):76-80.
[11] 伍丽,余有本,周天山.茶树根际土壤因子对根际微生物数量的影响[J].西北农业学报,2011,20(4):159-163.
[12] 尉海东,董彬.鲁东南杨树人工林土壤微生物生物量碳的时空动态[J].生态环境学报,2013,22(2):233-238.
[13] 董彬.土壤湿度对鲁东南杨树人工林地土壤呼吸的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2012,40(11):131-138.
[14] 王素英,王海荣,方亮.大青山不同森林结构与根际土壤微生物数量变化研究[J].内蒙古林业科技,2010,36(2):20-26.
[15] 鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社, 1999:107-108,147-148.
[16] 高永健,袁玉欣,刘四维.不同林龄杨树人工林对土壤微生物状况和酶活性的影响[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(7):185-189.
[17] 孙磊,宋未.非培养方法在植物内生和根际细菌研究中的应用[J].自然科学进展,2006,16(2):140-145.
[18] 戴雅婷,侯向阳,王慧.鄂尔多斯沙地油蒿根际土壤微生物数量的季节动态[J].干旱区资源与环境,2012,26(10):103-107.
[19] 崔炳华,蒋勇,陈绍武.巨桉人工林根际可培养土壤微生物数量的季节变化[J].四川林业科技,2012,33(5):63-66.
[20] 谢光新,张荣先,黄雪飞.不同生长年限茶树根际微生物分布的差异[J].湖北农业科学,2012,51(15):3177-3179.
[21] Nihorimbere V, Ongena M, Smargiassi M, et al. Beneficial effect of the rhizosphere microbial community for plant growth and health [J].Biotechnology, Agronomy, Society, Environment,2011,15(2): 327-337.
[22] Doornbos R F, Van Loon L C, Bakker P A H M. Impact of root exudates and plant defense signaling on bacterial communities in the rhizosphere: A review[J].Agronomy Sustainable Development, 2012,32(4):227-243.
[23] Dennis P G, Miller A J, HIrsch P R. Are root exudates more important than other sources of rhizodeposits in structuring rhizosphere bacterial communities?[J]. FEMS Microbiology Ecology,2010,72(3):313-327.
[24] 朱丽霞,章家恩,刘文高.根系分泌物与根际微生物相互作用研究综述[J].生态环境,2003,12(1):102-105.
[25] Bais HP, Weir TL, Perry LG, et al. The role of root exudates in rhizosphere interactions with plants and other organisms[J].Annual Reviews Plant Biology,2006,57(3):233-266.
[26] Ladygina N, Hedlund K. Plant species influence microbial diversity and carbon allocation in the rhizosphere[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2010,42(2):162-168.
[27] 李国辉,陈庆芳,黄懿梅,等.黄土高原典型植物根际对土壤微生物生物量碳、氮、磷和基础呼吸的影响[J].生态学报,2010,30(4):974- 983.
[28] 梅杰,周国英.不同林龄马尾松林根际与非根际土壤微生物酶活性及养分特征[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2011,31(4):46-49.
[29] 陆雅海,张福锁.根际微生物研究进展[J].土壤,2006,38(2):113-121.