To master the law of slope erosion in the hilly area of center southern of Shandong province and provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of water and soil loss in the area, this study took Yaoxiang small watershed in Tai'an as the research object, and explored the difference of runoff and sediment between different runoff plots with different measures and critical rainfall to cause runoff based on rainfall, runoff and sediment data of 4 runoff plots. The study also explored the relationship between runoff and sediment and rainfall using the correlation analysis method. The results were as follows: (1)The critical rainfall to cause runoff showed that bare land