Forest regeneration or transformation is a critical period for forest land to be prone to soil erosion. In this paper, through the analysis of single rainfall and runoff and sediment yield data of five artificial runoff plots in different transformation models of low-efficiency Pinus massoniana Lamb. forest in Yibin City, Sichuan Province, the relationship between rainfall, runoff and sediment characteristics was explored. The results showed that, with the vegetation evolution, the total runoff of I-V in 2014 decreased by -6.44%, -10.51%, 20.95%, 13.28%, and 12.73%, respectively, compared with that in the same period of 2012; the total sediment yield decreased by 58.4% , 56.38%, 77.72%, 78.16%, and 79.68%, respectively. The runoff and sediment yield increased exponentially with the increase of rainfall, but the amount of sediment yield increased more. The sediment yield of runoff plots in the second and third year was significantly lower than that in the first year, but the difference between the second and third year was not significant, and there was no significant correlation between the runoff and sediment yield. The different patterns were not the main factors leading to the aggravation of soil erosion. There were significant differences between the time of reconstruction and the runoff and sediment yield. The results showed that the restoration effect of the clear cutting plot was better at the early stage of the reconstruction, but with the growth of the forest and the formation of the forest environment, the relationship between the transformation model and the runoff and sediment yield might be different.