Eco-environmental vulnerability assessment for the ecological shelter zone was pivotal for protecting the water quality and maintaining the ecosystem of shelter zone in Three Gorges reservoir. By the aid of the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and GIS & RS, this study performed an eco-environmental vulnerability assessment for the ecological shelter zone in Hubei province, and the main influencing factors were also analyzed. The main results were listed as follows: (1) The vulnerability of the ecological environment was mainly mild, moderate and potential vulnerability, accounting for 74.9% of the shelter zone area, which mainly located the middle part of Zigui and north part of Badong, and the 21.7% of the shelter zone was covered by the heavy vulnerability area which distributed in the southern part of Zigui and Yiling, middle and southern parts of Badong; (2) The heavy and very heavy ecological vulnerability areas mainly located in the area with the elevation lower than 800 m and the slope less than 25。, where the land was not well covered by vegetation but concentrated residence, and the anthropogenic activities was the main influencing factor on eco-environmental vulnerability; (3) Increasing the vegetation cover by constructing the agroforestry system, adopting afforestation and ecological restoration would be the effective treatments to decrease the eco-environmental vulnerability in this shelter zone.